Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, Università degli Studi di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2023;23(9):1162-1172. doi: 10.2174/1871530323666230216145027.
The aim of this study was to relate IL-6 and IL-1β serum levels with the severity of olfactory disorders and with the type of unperceived odors.
82 inpatients (45 men aged 62.3 ± 14.2 and 37 women aged 57.1 ± 12.8) with only smell dysfunctions were divided into two groups. The evaluation of the smell disorder was carried out with a questionnaire to define which sensitivity is most compromised in COVID-19 patients. Cytokine levels were measured with chemiluminescence and ELISA assay. Statistical analyses were performed with the Wilcoxon Rank test, Welch's T-test, and Mann-Whitney test (p < 0.05).
Statistically significant differences in IL-6 and IL-1 β levels were found in moderate disease patients when there was an impairment of trigeminal sensitivity (p <0.05) and trigeminal and olfactory sensitivity.
The results obtained showed that in COVID-19 patients the impairment of trigeminal sensitivity in association with olfactory sensitivity was more prevalent in moderate than in mild forms.
本研究旨在探讨血清白细胞介素 6（IL-6）和白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）水平与嗅觉障碍严重程度以及未感知气味类型的关系。
82 名仅存在嗅觉功能障碍的住院患者（45 名男性，年龄 62.3±14.2 岁；37 名女性，年龄 57.1±12.8 岁）被分为两组。采用问卷调查评估嗅觉障碍，以确定 COVID-19 患者中哪种敏感性受损最严重。采用化学发光法和 ELISA 法检测细胞因子水平。采用 Wilcoxon 秩和检验、Welch's T 检验和 Mann-Whitney 检验进行统计学分析（p＜0.05）。
在三叉神经敏感性（p＜0.05）和三叉神经及嗅觉敏感性受损的中度疾病患者中，IL-6 和 IL-1β 水平存在统计学显著差异。
研究结果表明，在 COVID-19 患者中，与嗅觉敏感性相关的三叉神经敏感性受损在中度疾病中比在轻度疾病中更为常见。
