Moutel Grégoire, Gouriot Mylène, Suzat Bertille, Batteur Annick, Ploteau Stéphane, Destrieux Christophe, Grandazzi Guillaume
Espace de réflexion éthique de Normandie, Normandie université, CHU de Caen, rue des Rochambelles, 14000 Caen, France - Centre des dons du corps, Normandie université, CHU de Caen, rue des Rochambelles, 14000 Caen, France - ANTICIPE, Inserm 1086, Normandie université, 3 avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France.
Espace de réflexion éthique de Normandie, Normandie université, CHU de Caen, rue des Rochambelles, 14000 Caen, France.
Med Sci (Paris). 2023 Feb;39(2):164-169. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2023011. Epub 2023 Feb 17.
In France, between 2,500 and 3,000 people donate their bodies to science each year after their death; they contribute therefore to the teaching of anatomy, to research and to the learning and improvement of surgical practices. The decision to donate must be made during the donor's lifetime and consent must be expressed in writing to one of the 27 donation centers throughout the country. Following the scandal of the Parisian center of the Saints Pères, which revealed a lack of respect for bodies and fundamental ethical principles, the decree of April 27, 2022 concerning the donation of bodies for teaching and research purposes, which is part of the new bioethic laws, was eagerly awaited to clarify certain practices. However, this decree raises new questions because many of the rules it proposes do not appear to be relevant to the values of donation and the functioning of donation centers. The new modes of regulation proposed by the decree generate questions among donors and professionals in the field with a risk of poor regulation, detrimental to all with regard to major ethical issues. If the public authorities do not commit themselves to a regulation that is better adapted to the field, if the ethical stakes are not better clarified and if the universities do not have the means to implement these new organizations, the perpetuation of body donation and of donation centers could become challenging.
在法国，每年有2500至3000人在去世后将遗体捐赠给科学事业；他们因此为解剖学教学、研究以及外科手术实践的学习与改进做出了贡献。捐赠的决定必须在捐赠者生前做出，并且必须以书面形式向全国27个捐赠中心之一表示同意。继圣父巴黎中心的丑闻曝光后，该丑闻揭示了对遗体缺乏尊重以及基本伦理原则缺失的问题，人们急切期待2022年4月27日关于为教学和研究目的捐赠遗体的法令，该法令是新生物伦理法的一部分，以澄清某些做法。然而，这项法令引发了新的问题，因为它提出的许多规定似乎与捐赠价值观和捐赠中心的运作无关。该法令提议的新监管模式在捐赠者和该领域专业人士中引发了疑问，存在监管不力的风险，这在重大伦理问题上对所有人都不利。如果公共当局不致力于制定更适合该领域的监管措施，如果伦理利害关系得不到更好的阐明，并且如果大学没有实施这些新组织的手段，遗体捐赠和捐赠中心的延续可能会变得具有挑战性。
