Fendrich V, Zahn A
Klinik für Endokrine Chirurgie, Schön Klinik Eilbek, Dehnhaide 120, 22081, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Chirurgie (Heidelb). 2023 May;94(5):393-399. doi: 10.1007/s00104-023-01824-x. Epub 2023 Feb 17.
Parafollicular C cells progress via C cell hyperplasia to medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), which can be present even in the first years of life in multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and 2B patients. Basal calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are useful tumor markers for the diagnosis and monitoring. The prognosis depends on the stage when the disease is diagnosed and there is a good genotype-phenotype correlation with the RET proto-oncogene, which can be used for estimation of the risk. The risk-stratified prophylactic thyroidectomy plays a decisive role in the prognosis of known gene mutation carriers.
甲状腺滤泡旁C细胞通过C细胞增生发展为甲状腺髓样癌（MTC），在多发性内分泌腺瘤（MEN）2A和2B型患者中，甚至在生命的最初几年就可能出现。基础降钙素和癌胚抗原（CEA）是诊断和监测的有用肿瘤标志物。预后取决于疾病诊断时的阶段，并且与RET原癌基因存在良好的基因型-表型相关性，可用于风险评估。风险分层的预防性甲状腺切除术在已知基因突变携带者的预后中起决定性作用。
