ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research Regional Station Jokalundi, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Nov;201(11):5358-5367. doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03580-9. Epub 2023 Feb 17.
A significant health issue, reproductive toxicity is mostly linked to exposure to various environmental heavy metals. A pervasive toxin that occurs naturally in the environment is arsenic (As). This research was done to determine the effects of various doses of inorganic As supplements on the reproductive organs of adult male white Pekin ducks. A total of 240 numbers of 14-days-old male white Pekin ducks were weighed and randomly assigned into 4 experimental groups with six replicates (10 ducklings in each replicate). The experimental groups were as follows: (T-1) basal diet along with normal drinking water (control group); (T-2 to T-4) basal diet along with As in the form of sodium-meta-arsenite at 7, 14, and 28 ppm of drinking water respectively. The results showed reduction in body weight and testicular weight, disruption of spermatogenesis, reduction in follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH), leutinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels and histopathological alterations as compared to control. Additionally, there was not only a significant decrease in various antioxidant parameters in testis tissue, like catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), but also a significant increase in oxidative parameters of testis like lipid peroxidation (LPO), myloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), and super oxide anion radical (O) in As-treated groups, in comparison with T-1. A significantly higher level of As content in testis was observed in all the 3 As-treated groups, with highest level recorded in T-4 birds. Besides that, there was upregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), heat shock proteins (Hsps) and pro-inflammatory cytokines like interlukin (IL) series, i.e., IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α) levels, whereas anti-inflammatory parameters like IL-4 and IL-10 levels showed downregulation in testis of As-treated groups. Together, these findings provide deeper understandings of the roles played by oxidative stress, NF-κB and Hsps in the progression of testicular injury, which may help to explain how the As induced male sterility, in ducks, due to exposure.
生殖毒性是一个重大的健康问题，主要与接触各种环境重金属有关。砷（As）是一种自然存在于环境中的普遍毒素。本研究旨在确定不同剂量的无机 As 补充剂对成年雄性白北京鸭生殖器官的影响。总共选择了 240 只 14 天大的雄性白北京鸭，称重后随机分为 4 个实验组，每个实验组有 6 个重复（每个重复 10 只鸭）。实验组如下：（T-1）基础日粮+正常饮用水（对照组）；（T-2 至 T-4）基础日粮+亚砷酸钠形式的 As，饮用水中的浓度分别为 7、14 和 28ppm。结果表明，与对照组相比，体重和睾丸重量下降，精子发生受到干扰，卵泡刺激素（FSH）、促黄体生成素（LH）和睾酮水平降低，组织病理学发生变化。此外，不仅睾丸组织中各种抗氧化参数（如过氧化氢酶（CAT）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP））显著下降，而且睾丸的氧化参数（如脂质过氧化（LPO）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、一氧化氮（NO）和超氧化物阴离子自由基（O））也显著增加，与 T-1 相比，在 As 处理组中。与 T-1 相比，在所有 3 个 As 处理组中均观察到睾丸中 As 含量显著升高，在 T-4 鸟类中记录到最高水平。此外，核因子 kappa B（NF-κB）、热休克蛋白（Hsps）和促炎细胞因子（如白细胞介素（IL）系列）的表达上调，即 IL-2、IL-6、IL-18、IL-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平，而抗炎参数如 IL-4 和 IL-10 水平在 As 处理组的睾丸中下调。总之，这些发现提供了对氧化应激、NF-κB 和 Hsps 在睾丸损伤进展中所起作用的更深入理解，这可能有助于解释由于接触，As 如何导致鸭子雄性不育。
