Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías IGFAE, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Galicia-Spain.
Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Feb 3;130(5):052301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.052301.
The diffusion wake accompanying the jet-induced Mach cone provides a unique probe of the properties of quark-gluon plasma in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. It can be characterized by a depletion of soft hadrons in the opposite direction of the propagating jet. We explore the 3D structure of the diffusion wake induced by γ-triggered jets in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC energy within the coupled linear Boltzmann transport and hydro model. We identify a valley structure caused by the diffusion wake on top of a ridge from the initial multiple parton interaction (MPI) in jet-hadron correlation as a function of rapidity and azimuthal angle. This leads to a double-peak structure in the rapidity distribution of soft hadrons in the opposite direction of the jets as an unambiguous signal of the diffusion wake. Using a two-Gaussian fit, we extract the diffusion wake and MPI contributions to the double peak. The diffusion wake valley is found to deepen with the jet energy loss as characterized by the γ-jet asymmetry. Its sensitivity to the equation of state and shear viscosity is also studied.
伴随射流诱导马赫锥的扩散尾迹为高能重离子碰撞中的夸克-胶子等离子体性质提供了独特的探针。它可以通过传播射流相反方向的软强子的耗尽来表征。我们在耦合线性 Boltzmann 输运和流体力学模型中探索了 LHC 能区 Pb+Pb 碰撞中 γ 触发射流诱导的扩散尾迹的 3D 结构。我们在射流-强子关联中的初始多重部分子相互作用（MPI）之上，作为快度和方位角的函数，识别出一个由扩散尾迹引起的谷结构。这导致了射流相反方向的软强子的快度分布中的双峰结构，这是扩散尾迹的明确信号。使用双高斯拟合，我们提取了扩散尾迹和双峰中 MPI 的贡献。发现扩散尾迹谷随着γ-射流不对称性所表征的射流能量损失而加深。还研究了它对物态方程和剪切粘度的敏感性。
