Capuzzello Giovanni, Viora Lorenzo, Borelli Elena, Jonsson Nicholas N
School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
J Dairy Res. 2023 Feb 20:1-7. doi: 10.1017/S0022029923000134.
This observational study aimed to describe the diurnal pattern of reticuloruminal contraction rate (RRCR) and the proportion of time spent ruminating by cattle, using two commercial devices equipped with triaxial accelerometers: an indwelling bolus (placed in the reticulum) and a neck collar. The three objectives of this study were firstly to determine whether the indwelling bolus provided observations consistent with RRCR as determined by clinical examination using auscultation and ultrasound, secondly to compare estimates of time spent ruminating using the indwelling bolus and a collar-based accelerometer, and finally to describe the diurnal pattern of RRCR using the indwelling bolus data. Six rumen-fistulated, non-lactating Jersey cows were fitted with an indwelling bolus (SmaXtec Animal Care GmbH, Graz, Austria) and a neck collar (Silent Herdsman, Afimilk Ltd. Kibbutz Afikim, Israel), and data were collected over two weeks. Cattle were housed together in a single straw-bedded pen and fed hay. To assess the agreement between the indwelling bolus and traditional methods of assessing reticuloruminal contractility in the first week, the RRCR was determined over 10 min, twice a day, by ultrasound and auscultation. Mean inter-contraction intervals (ICI) derived from bolus and ultrasound, and from auscultation were 40.4 ± 4.7, 40.1 ± 4.0 and 38.4 ± 3.3 s. Bland-Altmann plots showed similar performance of the methods with small biases. The Pearson correlation coefficient for the time spent ruminating derived from neck collars and indwelling boluses was 0.72 (highly significant, < 0.001). The indwelling boluses generated a consistent diurnal pattern for all the cows. In conclusion, a robust relationship was observed between clinical observation and the indwelling boluses for estimation of ICI and, similarly, between the indwelling bolus and neck collar for estimating rumination time. The indwelling boluses showed a clear diurnal pattern for RRCR and time spent ruminating, indicating that they should be useful for assessing reticuloruminal motility.
本观察性研究旨在利用两种配备三轴加速度计的商业设备，即植入式药丸（置于网胃）和颈圈，描述牛的网瘤胃收缩率（RRCR）的昼夜模式以及反刍时间占比。本研究的三个目标：一是确定植入式药丸提供的观察结果是否与通过听诊和超声临床检查确定的RRCR一致；二是比较使用植入式药丸和基于颈圈的加速度计对反刍时间的估计；三是利用植入式药丸数据描述RRCR的昼夜模式。六头装有瘤胃瘘管的非泌乳泽西奶牛佩戴了植入式药丸（奥地利格拉茨的SmaXtec Animal Care GmbH公司生产）和颈圈（以色列基布兹阿菲基姆的Afimilk Ltd.公司的Silent Herdsman），并在两周内收集数据。奶牛共同饲养在一个铺有稻草的围栏中，并喂食干草。在第一周，为评估植入式药丸与评估网瘤胃收缩性的传统方法之间的一致性，每天两次通过超声和听诊在10分钟内测定RRCR。由药丸和超声以及听诊得出的平均收缩间期（ICI）分别为40.4±4.7秒、40.1±4.0秒和38.4±3.3秒。Bland-Altmann图显示这些方法具有相似的性能且偏差较小。由颈圈和植入式药丸得出的反刍时间的Pearson相关系数为0.72（高度显著，<0.001）。植入式药丸为所有奶牛产生了一致的昼夜模式。总之，在估计ICI方面，临床观察与植入式药丸之间以及在估计反刍时间方面，植入式药丸与颈圈之间均观察到了稳健的关系。植入式药丸显示出RRCR和反刍时间的清晰昼夜模式，表明它们可用于评估网瘤胃运动性。
