Inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa by HO generated from a carbon black polytetrafluoroethylene gas diffusion electrode in electrolysis by low-amperage electric current.

Frequent outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms have seriously threatened aquatic ecological environments and human health. Electrolysis by low-amperage electric current is effective for algae inactivation; however, it has no selectivity. Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is considered to be an efficient and selective suppressor of algae. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an electrode that can generate HO to improve electrolysis technology. In this study, a carbon black polytetrafluoroethylene gas diffusion electrode (C-PTFE GDE) with good stability was prepared by a simple adhesive coating method. Then, the inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa was conducted with electrolysis by low-amperage electric current using Ti/RuO as the anode and C-PTFE GDE as the cathode. When the electrode spacing was 4 cm, the current density was 20 mA cm, and the gas flow was 0.4 L min, 85% of the algae could be inactivated in 20 min. Comparing the inactivation effect of the electric field and electrogenerated oxidants, it was found that electrolysis more rapidly and strongly inactivated algae when an electric field existed. However, electrogenerated oxidants dominated algae inactivation. The concentration of HO was as high as 58 mg L, while the concentration of chlorines was only 0.57 mg L, and the generation rate of HO was 65 times that of chlorines. Consequently, electrogenerated oxidants dominated by HO attacked photosystem II of the algae and caused oxidative damage to membrane lipids, affecting the photosynthetic capacity. Eventually, most of the algae were inactivated. The study suggested that C-PTFE GDE was promising for the inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa in this electrochemical system.