Wood J B, Harkins S W
Department of Gerontology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University.
J Gerontol. 1987 Nov;42(6):584-8. doi: 10.1093/geronj/42.6.584.
Age differences in odor identification were investigated by using relatively familiar and unfamiliar chemical stimuli and enhancing the retrieval environment by restrictive reminding of memories evoked by stimulus during initial presentation. Age differences were seen in initial identification, in learning the labels of items in the stimulus set, in presentation. Age differences were seen in initial identification, in learning the labels of items in the stimulus set, in forgetting over a 24-hr period, but not in forgetting over a 7-day period. Old (n = 20) and young (n = 20) study participants benefitted equally from enrichment of retrieval environment with restrictive reminding of memories evoked at initial presentation. Item analysis indicated that selection of stimuli had a significant effect on age differences in odor identification.
通过使用相对熟悉和不熟悉的化学刺激，并在初始呈现时通过限制性唤起刺激所引发的记忆来增强检索环境，对气味识别中的年龄差异进行了研究。在初始识别、学习刺激集中项目的标签以及呈现过程中都发现了年龄差异。在初始识别、学习刺激集中项目的标签、24小时内的遗忘情况中都发现了年龄差异，但在7天内的遗忘情况中未发现年龄差异。老年（n = 20）和年轻（n = 20）研究参与者从通过限制性唤起初始呈现时所引发的记忆来丰富检索环境中同样受益。项目分析表明，刺激的选择对气味识别中的年龄差异有显著影响。
