Migration Health Branch, Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada, 250 Tremblay Rd, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5P4, Canada.
Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2023 Aug;114(4):692-704. doi: 10.17269/s41997-023-00740-1. Epub 2023 Feb 21.
Mental health and neurocognitive conditions are important causes of hospitalization among immigrants, though patterns may vary by immigrant category, world region of origin, and time since arrival in Canada. This study uses linked administrative data to explore differences in mental health hospitalization rates between immigrants and individuals born in Canada.
Hospital records from the Discharge Abstract Database and the Ontario Mental Health Reporting System for 2011 to 2017 were linked to the 2016 Longitudinal Immigrant Database and to Statistics Canada's 2011 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort. Age-standardized hospitalization rates for mental health-related conditions (ASHR-MHs) were derived for immigrants and the Canadian-born population. ASHR-MHs overall and for leading mental health conditions were compared between immigrants and the Canadian-born population, stratified by sex and selected immigration characteristics. Quebec hospitalization data were not available.
Overall, immigrants had lower ASHR-MHs compared to the Canadian-born population. Mood disorders were leading causes of mental health hospitalization for both cohorts. Psychotic, substance-related, and neurocognitive disorders were also leading causes of mental health hospitalization, although there was variation in their relative importance between subgroups. Among immigrants, ASHR-MHs were higher among refugees and lower among economic immigrants, those from East Asia, and those who arrived in Canada most recently.
Differences in hospitalization rates among immigrants from various immigration streams and world regions, particularly for specific types of mental health conditions, highlight the importance of future research that incorporates both inpatient and outpatient mental health services to further understand these relationships.
心理健康和神经认知状况是移民住院的重要原因，但其模式可能因移民类别、原籍世界区域和抵达加拿大后的时间而有所不同。本研究使用关联行政数据来探讨移民和在加拿大出生的个体之间心理健康住院率的差异。
2011 年至 2017 年期间，从出院摘要数据库和安大略省心理健康报告系统中提取的住院记录与 2016 年移民纵向数据库和加拿大统计局 2011 年加拿大人口普查健康与环境队列进行了关联。计算了心理健康相关疾病（ASHR-MHs）的年龄标准化住院率，用于移民和加拿大出生的人群。比较了移民和加拿大出生人群的总体 ASHR-MHs 以及主要心理健康状况的 ASHR-MHs，按性别和选定的移民特征进行分层。魁北克的住院数据不可用。
总体而言，移民的 ASHR-MHs 低于加拿大出生的人群。情绪障碍是两个队列的心理健康住院的主要原因。精神障碍、物质相关障碍和神经认知障碍也是心理健康住院的主要原因，尽管它们在亚组之间的相对重要性存在差异。在移民中，难民的 ASHR-MHs 较高，而经济移民、东亚移民和最近抵达加拿大的移民的 ASHR-MHs 较低。
来自不同移民流和世界区域的移民之间的住院率差异，特别是对于特定类型的心理健康状况，突显了未来研究的重要性，未来研究应纳入住院和门诊心理健康服务，以进一步了解这些关系。
