Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, UK.
Marine Macroevolution Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1, Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigamigun, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan.
Proc Biol Sci. 2023 Feb 22;290(1993):20222273. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2273.
Recent research has uncovered rapid compositional and structural reorganization of ecological assemblages, with these changes particularly evident in marine ecosystems. However, the extent to which these ongoing changes in taxonomic diversity are a proxy for change in functional diversity is not well understood. Here we focus on trends in rarity to ask how taxonomic rarity and functional rarity covary over time. Our analysis, drawing on 30 years of scientific trawl data, reveals that the direction of temporal shifts in taxonomic rarity in two Scottish marine ecosystems is consistent with a null model of change in assemblage size (i.e. change in numbers of species and/or individuals). In both cases, however, functional rarity increases, as assemblages become larger, rather than showing the expected decrease. These results underline the importance of measuring both taxonomic and functional dimensions of diversity when assessing and interpreting biodiversity change.
最近的研究揭示了生态组合的快速组成和结构重组，这些变化在海洋生态系统中尤为明显。然而，这些正在发生的分类多样性变化在多大程度上可以作为功能多样性变化的代表还不是很清楚。在这里，我们关注稀有度的趋势，以了解分类稀有度和功能稀有度随时间的变化如何相关。我们的分析利用了 30 年的科学拖网数据，揭示了苏格兰两个海洋生态系统中分类稀有度的时间变化趋势与集合大小变化的零模型（即物种和/或个体数量的变化）一致。然而，在这两种情况下，随着集合体变得更大，功能稀有度增加，而不是预期的减少。这些结果强调了在评估和解释生物多样性变化时，测量分类和功能多样性维度的重要性。
