National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakarma, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Kerala, 679531, India.
National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakarma, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Kerala, India, 679531.
Curr Hypertens Rev. 2023;19(2):67-78. doi: 10.2174/1573402119666230221084859.
Hypertension is a cardiovascular disorder that is an incurable clinical condition. It requires lifelong therapy for its management along with long terms application of synthetic drugs associated with severe toxicity in multiple organs. However, the therapeutic application of herbal medicines to treat hypertension has gained considerable attention. The limitations and hurdles associated with conventional plant extract medications are their safety, efficacy, dose, and unknown biological activity.
In the modern era, the active phytoconstituent-based formulation has come into trend. Various extraction techniques have been reported to extract and isolate active phytoconstituents. Pharmacognostic, physiochemical, phytochemical, and quantitative analytical methods were developed for their qualitative and quantitative analysis. The passage of time and changes in lifestyle also modulate the variable cause of hypertension. Single-drug-based approach therapy cannot efficiently control the cause of hypertension. Designing a potent herbal formulation with different active constituents and modes of action against hypertension is necessary to effectively manage hypertension.
This review comprises a selection of three different plants, , and exhibiting antihypertension activity.
The objective behind selecting individual plants is their active constituents which have different mechanisms of action for the treatment of hypertension. This review comprises the various extraction methods of the active phytoconstituents and pharmacognostic, physiochemical, phytochemical, and quantitative analysis parameters, respectively. It also lists active phytoconstituents present in plants and the different pharmacological modes of action. Selected plant extracts have different antihypertensive mechanisms. Extract of consisting of Liriodendron & Syringaresnol mono β-D-Glucosidase exhibit Ca channel antagonistic activity; where Reserpine is a phytoconstituent of , which depletes catecholamine, Ajmalin shows an antiarrhythmic effect by blocking the sodium channel and the aqueous extract of E. ganitrus seeds reduces mean arterial blood pressure by inhibiting the ACE enzyme.
It has been revealed that poly-herbal formulation of respective phytoconstituent can be used as potent antihypertensive medicine to treat hypertension effectively.
高血压是一种心血管疾病，是一种无法治愈的临床病症。它需要终身治疗，同时长期应用与多个器官严重毒性相关的合成药物。然而，草药治疗高血压的治疗应用引起了相当大的关注。与传统植物提取物药物相关的局限性和障碍是它们的安全性、疗效、剂量和未知的生物活性。
在现代，基于活性植物成分的制剂已经成为一种趋势。已经报道了各种提取技术来提取和分离活性植物成分。为了对其进行定性和定量分析，已经开发了生药学、物理化学、植物化学和定量分析方法。随着时间的推移和生活方式的变化，高血压的病因也发生了变化。单一药物治疗方法不能有效地控制高血压的病因。设计一种具有不同活性成分和作用模式的有效的草药配方来治疗高血压是必要的。
本综述包括三种具有抗高血压活性的不同植物， ， 。
选择单个植物的目的是它们的活性成分，这些成分具有不同的作用机制来治疗高血压。本综述包括活性植物成分的各种提取方法以及生药学、物理化学、植物化学和定量分析参数。它还列出了植物中存在的活性植物成分和不同的药理作用模式。选定的植物提取物具有不同的降压机制。含有 Liriodendron 和 Syringaresnol 单 β-D-葡萄糖苷酶的 提取物表现出钙通道拮抗活性；利血平是 的一种植物成分，可消耗儿茶酚胺；阿马林通过阻断钠通道表现出抗心律失常作用；E. ganitrus 种子的水提取物通过抑制 ACE 酶降低平均动脉血压。
研究表明，各自的植物成分的多草药配方可以用作有效的抗高血压药物来有效治疗高血压。
