Schmeling D, Shishkin A, Schiepel D, Wagner C
Bunsenstr. 10, 37073 Göttingen, Germany German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology.
Am Helmholtzring 1, 98683 Ilmenau, Germany Institute of Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universität Ilmenau.
CEAS Aeronaut J. 2023;14(2):509-526. doi: 10.1007/s13272-023-00644-3. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
The dispersion of aerosols originating from one source, the 'index' passenger, within the cabin of the aircraft Do728 is studied experimentally using an aerosol-exhaling thermal manikin and in Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations (RANS). The overall aim of the present study is the experimental determination of the aerosol spreading for the state-of-the-art mixing ventilation (MV) and to evaluate the potential of alternative ventilation concepts for controlling the aerosol spreading in RANS. For MV, the experiments showed that the ratio of inhaled to exhaled aerosol particles drops below 0.06% (volume ratio) for distances larger than two seat rows from the source. However, within a single row, the observed ratio is higher. Further, the dispersion is much weaker for a standing than for a seated index passenger. High air exchange rates and a well-guided flow prevent a dispersion of the aerosols in high concentrations over larger distances. Additionally, the positive effect of a mask and an increased air flow rate, and especially their combination are shown. In the complementary conducted RANS, the advantages of floor-based cabin displacement ventilation (CDV) which is alternative ventilation concept to MV, regarding spreading lengths and the dwell time of the aerosols in the cabin were determined. The obtained results also underline the importance of the flow field for the aerosol dispersion. Further, additional unsteady RANS (URANS) simulations of the short-term process of the initial aerosol cloud formation highlighted that the momentum decay of the breathing and the evaporation processes take place within a few seconds only.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13272-023-00644-3.
使用呼出气溶胶的热人体模型并通过雷诺平均纳维-斯托克斯模拟（RANS），对源自一个源头（“索引”乘客）的气溶胶在Do728飞机客舱内的扩散进行了实验研究。本研究的总体目标是通过实验确定最先进的混合通风（MV）情况下的气溶胶扩散情况，并在RANS中评估替代通风概念控制气溶胶扩散的潜力。对于MV，实验表明，对于距离源头超过两排座位的情况，吸入气溶胶颗粒与呼出气溶胶颗粒的比例降至0.06%以下（体积比）。然而，在同一排内，观察到的比例更高。此外，对于站立的索引乘客，气溶胶扩散比坐着时弱得多。高换气率和良好引导的气流可防止气溶胶在较大距离内高浓度扩散。此外，还展示了口罩和增加气流速率的积极效果，尤其是它们的组合效果。在补充进行的RANS中，确定了作为MV替代通风概念的基于地板的客舱置换通风（CDV）在气溶胶在客舱内的扩散长度和停留时间方面的优势。获得的结果还强调了流场对气溶胶扩散的重要性。此外，对初始气溶胶云形成的短期过程进行的额外非定常RANS（URANS）模拟突出表明，呼吸的动量衰减和蒸发过程仅在几秒钟内发生。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s13272-023-00644-3获取的补充材料。
