Grespan André, Fiedler Renata T, Guedini Bruna T, Costa Leonardo D, Raso Tânia F
Clínica WildVet, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Laboratory of Avian Ecopathology, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Comp Pathol. 2023 Feb;201:130-134. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2023.01.009. Epub 2023 Feb 23.
Endogenous lipid pneumonia is a rare inflammatory, non-infectious lung disease characterized by the accumulation of endogenous lipids in alveolar macrophages. It has been associated with bronchial obstruction, chronic lung inflammation, alveolar proteinosis and lipid storage disorders. A 14-year-old female blue-fronted Amazon parrot (Amazona aestiva) presented with intermittent dyspnoea, neurological signs and persistent lipaemia of unknown aetiology. At necropsy, the most relevant gross findings were increased rigidity of the great vessels, lungs with diffuse grey to whitish discolouration of the parenchyma and multifocal small yellowish nodules. Microscopic examination revealed typical lesions of atherosclerosis and severe multifocal accumulation of foamy macrophages filling the parabronchi, which led to a diagnosis of endogenous lipid pneumonia. Although the relationship between dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis and endogenous lipid pneumonia in birds is not well established, the chronic dyslipidaemia of unknown origin could be involved in the pathogenesis of both the atherosclerosis and the endogenous lipid pneumonia. The present case highlights the need to better understand the relationships between various disorders of lipid metabolism in psittacine birds.
内源性脂质性肺炎是一种罕见的炎症性非感染性肺部疾病，其特征是内源性脂质在肺泡巨噬细胞中蓄积。它与支气管阻塞、慢性肺部炎症、肺泡蛋白沉积症和脂质贮积病有关。一只14岁的雌性蓝额亚马逊鹦鹉（Amazona aestiva）出现间歇性呼吸困难、神经症状和病因不明的持续性脂血。尸检时，最相关的大体检查发现是大血管硬度增加、肺实质弥漫性灰至白色变色以及多灶性小黄结节。显微镜检查显示典型的动脉粥样硬化病变以及充满副支气管的严重多灶性泡沫巨噬细胞蓄积，这导致诊断为内源性脂质性肺炎。尽管鸟类血脂异常、动脉粥样硬化与内源性脂质性肺炎之间的关系尚未完全明确，但不明原因的慢性血脂异常可能参与了动脉粥样硬化和内源性脂质性肺炎的发病机制。本病例强调了更好地理解鹦鹉脂质代谢各种紊乱之间关系的必要性。
