Mohtashami Zahra, Singh Mithalesh Kumar, Neto Farid Thomaz, Salimiaghdam Nasim, Hasanpour Hossein, Kenney M Cristina
Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Feb 18;12(2):518. doi: 10.3390/antiox12020518.
Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) is the most unearthed peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). It is an important regulator of the nuclear genome during times of stress because it promotes an adaptive stress response to maintain cellular homeostasis. Identifying MOTS-c specific binding partners may aid in deciphering the complex web of mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded signals. Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction have been linked to aging and the accelerated cell death associated with many types of retinal degenerations. Furthermore, research on MOTS-c ability to revive oxidatively stressed RPE cells has revealed a significant protective role for the molecule. Evidence suggests that senescent cells play a role in the development of age-related retinal disorders. This review examines the links between MOTS-c, mitochondria, and age-related diseases of the retina. Moreover, the untapped potential of MOTS-c as a treatment for glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration is reviewed.
12S rRNA 型 c 线粒体开放阅读框（MOTS-c）是线粒体 DNA（mtDNA）编码的最新发现的肽段。在应激期间，它是核基因组的重要调节因子，因为它能促进适应性应激反应以维持细胞内稳态。识别 MOTS-c 特异性结合伴侣可能有助于破解线粒体和核编码信号的复杂网络。线粒体损伤和功能障碍与衰老以及多种视网膜变性相关的细胞加速死亡有关。此外，关于 MOTS-c 恢复氧化应激视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞能力的研究揭示了该分子具有重要的保护作用。有证据表明衰老细胞在年龄相关性视网膜疾病的发展中起作用。本综述探讨了 MOTS-c、线粒体与年龄相关性视网膜疾病之间的联系。此外，还综述了 MOTS-c 在治疗青光眼、糖尿病性视网膜病变和年龄相关性黄斑变性方面尚未开发的潜力。
