Caputo A R, Schnitzer R E
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1978 Mar-Apr;15(2):109-22. doi: 10.3928/0191-3913-19780301-14.
During routine dilation of 48 newborns, systemic responses and pupil dilation were monitored. Both 10 percent aqueous and viscous phenylephrine caused blanching around the eyes and produced considerable rise in blood pressure. Dilatation average 4.7 mm. In a double blind study, a 2.5 percent solution caused no skin blanching and no change in pressure or heart rate. Average dilation was 4.5 mm. No blood pressure changes were observed with either one percent cyclopentolate or one percent tropicamide. Average dilatations were 5.0 mm and 5.3 mm respectively. The above agents, used individually for a total dosage of three drops in each eye did not provide adequate dilation for a thorough funduscopic examination. Our protocol at United Hospitals Medical Center is a safe combination of drugs and provides excellent dilatation averaging greater th an 7 mm. No skin blanching or change in heart rate was observed.
在对48名新生儿进行常规散瞳期间，监测了全身反应和瞳孔散大情况。10%的水剂和粘性去氧肾上腺素均导致眼部周围皮肤变白，并使血压显著升高。散瞳平均为4.7毫米。在一项双盲研究中，2.5%的溶液未引起皮肤变白，血压或心率也未发生变化。平均散瞳为4.5毫米。使用1%的环喷托酯或1%的托吡卡胺均未观察到血压变化。平均散瞳分别为5.0毫米和5.3毫米。上述药物单独使用，每只眼睛滴入三滴的总剂量，对于全面的眼底检查而言，散瞳效果并不充分。我们联合医院医疗中心的方案是一种安全的药物组合，能提供平均超过7毫米的良好散瞳效果。未观察到皮肤变白或心率变化。
