Sizonov Vladimir V, Makarov Alexey G, Mayr Johannes M, Vigera Vladimir V, Kogan Mikhail I
Division of Pediatric Urology and Andrology of the Department of Uroandrology and Human Reproductive Health, 344022 Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
Department of Uroandrology, Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, 344015 Ros-tov-on-Don, Russia.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 23;10(2):205. doi: 10.3390/children10020205.
Complete separation of the deferent duct from the epididymis in cryptorchid testes residing in the abdomen is an extremely rare variant of developmental disorders of the testis and epididymis. Available sources mention only three clinical cases similar to our observations. The unique anatomic aspects of this disorder hamper the correct diagnosis of an intra-abdominal cryptorchid testis. Two boys with nonpalpable left-sided cryptorchidism underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, revealing an intra-abdominally located testis. The epididymis was completely separated from the deferent duct, and the epididymis and testis were supplied by testicular vessels. Exploration of the inguinal canal revealed blind-ending deferent ducts. The testis was brought down through the inguinal canal and fixed in the scrotum in both boys. The follow-up examination at 6 months revealed no signs of testicular atrophy or malposition of the testis in either patient. With our observations in mind, the exclusive use of a transscrotal or transinguinal approach as the initial surgical exploration in the treatment of patients with nonpalpable forms of cryptorchidism may be inappropriate. Careful laparoscopic examination of the abdominal cavity is indispensable in children with suspected testicular regression syndrome or nonpalpable forms of cryptorchidism.
位于腹腔内的隐睾中,输精管与附睾完全分离是睾丸和附睾发育障碍的一种极其罕见的变异情况。现有资料仅提及三例与我们观察结果相似的临床病例。这种疾病独特的解剖学特征妨碍了对腹腔内隐睾的正确诊断。两名左侧隐睾无法触及的男孩接受了诊断性腹腔镜检查,发现睾丸位于腹腔内。附睾与输精管完全分离,附睾和睾丸由睾丸血管供血。探查腹股沟管发现输精管盲端。两名男孩的睾丸均通过腹股沟管降至阴囊并固定。6个月后的随访检查显示,两名患者均未出现睾丸萎缩或睾丸异位的迹象。考虑到我们的观察结果,对于无法触及型隐睾患者,仅采用经阴囊或经腹股沟入路作为初始手术探查可能并不合适。对于疑似睾丸退化综合征或无法触及型隐睾的儿童,仔细的腹腔镜检查腹腔是必不可少的。