Pryor W M, Bye W A, Curran D H, Grohmann G S
Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW.
Med J Aust. 1987 Nov 16;147(10):490-3.
A prospective study of 74 adults with acute diarrhoea was carried out in Sydney in 1984-1985 to determine the infective agents that were involved and their relationship to clinical, epidemiological and laboratory features. Thirty-four potential pathogens were identified in 32 (43.2%) patients. These included, in order of frequency: Campylobacter spp., rotavirus, Clostridium difficile, Salmonella enteritidis, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, adenovirus, a small round virus and Giardia lamblia. A seasonal trend was noted; the majority of Campylobacter isolations occurred in summer. The patients with Cl. difficile infection formed a distinct group, and experienced a subacute onset of diarrhoea after antibiotic administration, with few systemic symptoms. Except in these patients, the clinical and epidemiological features, together with results of faecal microscopy, were not a reliable predictor of the nature of the pathogens that were identified. While most patients with diarrhoea can be treated supportively, stool culture is an important procedure in patients with severe or protracted illness when specific antimicrobial therapy is contemplated.
1984年至1985年期间，在悉尼对74名患有急性腹泻的成年人进行了一项前瞻性研究，以确定所涉及的感染因子及其与临床、流行病学和实验室特征的关系。在32名（43.2%）患者中鉴定出34种潜在病原体。按出现频率依次为：弯曲杆菌属、轮状病毒、艰难梭菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、嗜水气单胞菌、副溶血性弧菌、腺病毒、小圆病毒和蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫。观察到一种季节性趋势；大多数弯曲杆菌分离株出现在夏季。艰难梭菌感染患者形成一个独特的群体，在使用抗生素后出现亚急性腹泻发作，全身症状较少。除了这些患者外，临床和流行病学特征以及粪便显微镜检查结果并不能可靠地预测所鉴定病原体的性质。虽然大多数腹泻患者可以通过支持性治疗，但在考虑进行特异性抗菌治疗时，粪便培养对于患有严重或持续性疾病的患者是一项重要的检查。
