State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing 102206, China.
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 10;20(4):3163. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043163.
Potentially toxic element (PTE) contamination in soils has serious impacts on ecosystems. However, there is no consensus in the field of assessment and monitoring of contaminated sites in China. In this paper, a risk assessment and pollution monitoring method for PTEs was proposed and applied to a mining site containing As, Cd, Sb, Pb, Hg, Ni, Cr, V, Zn, Tl, and Cu. The comprehensive scoring method and analytical hierarchical process were used to screen the priority PTEs for monitoring. The potential ecological risk index method was used to calculate the risk index of monitoring point. The spatial distribution characteristics were determined using semi-variance analysis. The spatial distribution of PTEs was predicted using ordinary kriging (OK) and radial basis function (RBF). The results showed that the spatial distribution of As, Pd, and Cd are mainly influenced by natural factors, while Sb and RI are influenced by both natural and human factors. OK has higher spatial prediction accuracy for Sb and Pb, and RBF has higher prediction accuracy for As, Cd, and RI. The areas with high ecological risk and above are mainly distributed on both sides of the creek and road. The optimized long-term monitoring sites can achieve the monitoring of multiple PTEs.
土壤中有毒元素（PTE）的污染对生态系统有严重影响。然而，中国在污染场地的评估和监测领域尚未达成共识。本文提出了一种针对 PTE 的风险评估和污染监测方法，并将其应用于一个含有 As、Cd、Sb、Pb、Hg、Ni、Cr、V、Zn、Tl 和 Cu 的采矿场地。综合评分法和层次分析法用于筛选监测的优先 PTE。采用潜在生态风险指数法计算监测点的风险指数。采用半方差分析确定 PTE 的空间分布特征。使用普通克里金（OK）和径向基函数（RBF）对 PTE 的空间分布进行预测。结果表明，As、Pd 和 Cd 的空间分布主要受自然因素影响，而 Sb 和 RI 则受自然和人为因素的共同影响。OK 对 Sb 和 Pb 的空间预测精度更高，RBF 对 As、Cd 和 RI 的预测精度更高。生态风险高及以上的区域主要分布在小溪和道路两侧。优化后的长期监测点可以实现对多种 PTE 的监测。
