Schneider Anne-Kathrin, Klabunde Felix, Buck Lennart, Ohlhoff Maren, Reis Larissa, Olvermann Madita, Kauffeld Simone, Engel Bernd, Glatzel Gerhard, Schröder Boris, Frerichs Ludger
Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute for Geoecology, Langer Kamp 19c, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
Technische Universität Braunschweig, elenia Institute for High Voltage Technology and Power Systems, Schleinitzstraße 23, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Jun 1;335:117539. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117539. Epub 2023 Feb 24.
The achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals is being pursued worldwide. While energy production and consumption are to be oriented towards renewable energies, ecologically and socially sustainable agriculture is also a target for science and society. Due to the expansion of renewable energies, agricultural land in particular is the focus of various interest groups, from food production to energy production. In this interdisciplinary study, we show the opportunities and limits of joint synergies from the nexus of food production, energy production, energy consumption, biodiversity protection and social acceptance of renewable energies in a scenario. Biodiversity agriphotovoltaics, i.e. agriphotovoltaics in combination with biodiversity protection measures, such as flower strips, can make a valuable contribution to promoting biotope connectivity in addition to significant energy production. We show this in a GIS-based regional assessment for Lower Saxony in northern Germany. This rough spatial assessment is followed by a modelling of energy production and consumption during the cultivation of a characteristic agricultural field in the loess region of Lower Saxony. Our focus here is on the possibilities of using cable electricity or battery storage for carrying out the cultivation. In an accompanying survey of farmers regarding the use of agriphotovoltaics, we collected and evaluated their prior knowledge, experiences, and attitudes towards this technology. Finally, we show which advantages agriphotovoltaics and electrified agricultural machinery can also have for the sustainable transformation of agriculture and which challenges exist for a truly sustainable use of these technologies.
可持续发展目标的实现正在全球范围内推进。在能源生产和消费向可再生能源转型的同时，生态和社会可持续的农业也是科学界和社会关注的目标。由于可再生能源的扩张，特别是农业用地成为了从粮食生产到能源生产等各类利益集团关注的焦点。在这项跨学科研究中，我们展示了在一种情景下，粮食生产、能源生产、能源消费、生物多样性保护以及可再生能源的社会接受度之间相互关联所产生的联合协同效应的机遇和局限。生物多样性农光互补，即农光互补与生物多样性保护措施（如花卉带）相结合，除了能产生大量能源外，还能为促进生物栖息地连通性做出重要贡献。我们在德国北部下萨克森州基于地理信息系统的区域评估中证明了这一点。在进行了这一粗略的空间评估之后，我们对下萨克森州黄土地区一块典型农田种植期间的能源生产和消费进行了建模。我们这里关注的是利用电缆供电或电池存储来进行种植的可能性。在一项针对农民使用农光互补情况的伴随调查中，我们收集并评估了他们对这项技术的先验知识、经验和态度。最后，我们展示了农光互补和电动农业机械对农业可持续转型可带来的优势，以及真正可持续利用这些技术所面临的挑战。
