Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 9;11:1054964. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1054964. eCollection 2023.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and temporal trend of common mental health problems (CMHPs) in the UK by industrial classification from 2012-2014 to 2016-2018 while evaluating the corresponding gender disparities.
We used data from the Health Survey for England. CMPH was judged by a 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Industrial classifications were defined using the UK Standard Industrial Classification of Economic Activities. Data were fitted by the logistic models.
In this study, 19,581 participants covering 20 industries were included. In total, 18.8% of participants screened positive for CMHP in 2016-2018, which significantly increased from 16.0% in 2012-2014 [adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.17, 95% CI 1.08-1.27]. In 2016-2018, the prevalence of CMHP ranged from 6.2% in the industry of mining and quarrying to 23.8% in the industry of accommodation and food service activities. From 2012-2014 to 2016-2018, none of the 20 industries studied experienced significant decreases in the above prevalence; conversely, three industries saw significant increases, including wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (AOR for trend = 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.67), construction (AOR for trend = 1.66, 95% CI 1.23-2.24), and other service activities, which cannot be classified (AOR for trend = 1.94, 95% CI 1.06-3.55). In total, 11 of the 20 industries studied had significant gender disparities against women, with the smallest gap being in the industry of transport and storage (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.09-2.0) and the highest in the industry of arts, entertainment, and recreation (AOR = 6.19, 95% CI 2.94-13.03). From 2012-2014 to 2016-2018, gender disparities were narrowed only in two industries, including human health and social work activities (AOR for trend = 0.45, 95% CI 0.27-0.74), and transport and storage (AOR for trend = 0.5, 95% CI 0.27-0.91).
The prevalence of CMHPs has increased and had a wide variation across industries in the UK. There were disparities against women, and the gender disparities have been keeping almost no improvement from 2012-2014 to 2016-2018.
本研究旨在评估英国从 2012-2014 年到 2016-2018 年期间按工业分类的常见心理健康问题（CMHPs）的患病率和时间趋势，并评估相应的性别差异。
我们使用了来自英国健康调查的数据。使用 12 项一般健康问卷判断 CMHP。使用英国标准行业分类经济活动对工业分类进行定义。使用逻辑模型拟合数据。
本研究共纳入了 19581 名涵盖 20 个行业的参与者。2016-2018 年，共有 18.8%的参与者筛查出 CMHP 呈阳性，明显高于 2012-2014 年的 16.0%[调整后的比值比（AOR）=1.17，95%置信区间（CI）为 1.08-1.27]。2016-2018 年，CMHP 的患病率从采矿业和采石业的 6.2%到住宿和餐饮服务活动的 23.8%不等。从 2012-2014 年到 2016-2018 年，研究的 20 个行业中没有一个行业的上述患病率出现显著下降；相反，有三个行业的患病率显著上升，包括批发和零售贸易、机动车和摩托车维修（趋势 AOR=1.32，95%CI 为 1.04-1.67）、建筑（趋势 AOR=1.66，95%CI 为 1.23-2.24）和其他无法分类的服务活动（趋势 AOR=1.94，95%CI 为 1.06-3.55）。总的来说，在研究的 20 个行业中，有 11 个行业对女性存在显著的性别差异，差距最小的是运输和储存行业（AOR=1.47，95%CI 为 1.09-2.0），差距最大的是艺术、娱乐和休闲行业（AOR=6.19，95%CI 为 2.94-13.03）。从 2012-2014 年到 2016-2018 年，只有两个行业的性别差异有所缩小，包括人类健康和社会工作活动（趋势 AOR=0.45，95%CI 为 0.27-0.74）和运输和储存（趋势 AOR=0.5，95%CI 为 0.27-0.91）。
英国 CMHPs 的患病率有所增加，且在各行业之间存在广泛差异。存在对女性的歧视，且自 2012-2014 年以来，性别差异几乎没有改善。
