Charalambous Danae, Lutonsky Christiane, Keider Stefan, Tichy Alexander, Bockstahler Barbara
Department of Companion Animals and Horses, University Clinic for Small Animals, Small Animal Surgery, Section of Physical Therapy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Platform of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Feb 10;10:1106170. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1106170. eCollection 2023.
Heelwork walking is a command that competitive obedience and working dogs are trained to perform. Unlike other canine sports, the research for competitive obedience sport is limited and no research regarding biomechanical gait adaptions during heelwork walking has been published. The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in vertical ground reaction forces, paw pressure distribution (PPD), and center of pressure (COP) of Belgian Malinois during heelwork walking. Ten healthy Belgian Malinois were included in the study. The dogs walked first without heeling (normal walk) and then while heeling on a pressure platform. The comparison between normal and heelwork walking was performed using mixed-effects models. analyses were performed using Sidak's alpha correction procedure. During heelwork walking, a significant decrease in the vertical impulse and stance phase duration (SPD) and a significant increase in the craniocaudal index and speed of COP was observed in the forelimbs compared to normal walking. At the hindlimbs, a significant increase in vertical impulse and SPD was observed during heelwork walking. Regarding PPD, a significant decrease of vertical impulse was observed at the cranial quadrants of the right forelimb and craniolateral quadrant of the left forelimb during heelwork. The area was significantly decreased at the craniolateral quadrant of the left forelimb and the time for the peak vertical force was prolonged significantly at the caudal quadrants of the right forelimb during heelwork walking. The vertical impulse was significantly increased in all quadrants of the hindlimbs except the craniolateral quadrant of the left hindlimb. The effect of these changes on the musculoskeletal system of working dogs should be investigated in further studies, using electromyography and kinematic analysis.
随行行走是一项针对竞技服从性训练和工作犬进行训练的指令。与其他犬类运动不同，关于竞技服从性运动的研究有限，且尚未发表有关随行行走过程中生物力学步态适应性的研究。本研究的目的是调查比利时马林诺斯犬在随行行走过程中垂直地面反作用力、爪压力分布（PPD）和压力中心（COP）的变化。十只健康的比利时马林诺斯犬被纳入研究。这些犬首先在不随行的情况下行走（正常行走），然后在压力平台上进行随行行走。使用混合效应模型对正常行走和随行行走进行比较。分析采用Sidak's alpha校正程序。与正常行走相比，在随行行走过程中，观察到前肢的垂直冲量和站立相持续时间（SPD）显著降低，头尾指数和COP速度显著增加。在后肢，随行行走时观察到垂直冲量和SPD显著增加。关于PPD，在随行过程中，右前肢颅侧象限和左前肢颅外侧象限的垂直冲量显著降低。左前肢颅外侧象限的面积显著减小，右前肢尾侧象限的垂直力峰值时间在随行行走时显著延长。除左后肢颅外侧象限外，后肢所有象限的垂直冲量均显著增加。这些变化对工作犬肌肉骨骼系统的影响应在进一步研究中使用肌电图和运动学分析进行调查。
