Kariyawasam Thiloka, Doran Gregory S, Howitt Julia A, Prenzler Paul D
School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia.
Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2023 May;42(5):982-994. doi: 10.1002/etc.5593. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic compounds of major concern that mainly accumulate in soils and sediments, and their extraction from environmental matrices remains a crucial step when determining the extent of contamination in soils and sediments. The objective of the present study was to compare the extraction of PAHs (phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, and benzo[a]pyrene) from spiked soil and sediment using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with ethanol as the modifier, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and eucalyptus oil-assisted extraction (EuAE). Recoveries of PAHs were comparable between the three methods, and >80% of applied pyrene, chrysene and benzo[a]pyrene were recovered. The most efficient method of extracting PAHs from naturally incurred soils with different levels of contamination was SFE. A longer extraction time was required for the EuAE method compared with SFE and MAE under optimized conditions. However, EuAE required lower extraction temperatures (15-20 °C) compared with SFE (80 °C) and MAE (110-120 °C), and consumed less solvent than SFE and MAE. Compared with hexane/acetone used in MAE, the use of ethanol in SFE and eucalyptus oil in EuAE can be considered as more sustainable approaches to efficiently extract PAHs from spiked/naturally contaminated soils and sediments. And, although less efficient for matrices containing higher carbon content, EuAE offered a cheap, low-tech approach to extracting PAHs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:982-994. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是备受关注的持久性有机化合物，主要蓄积于土壤和沉积物中。在测定土壤和沉积物的污染程度时，从环境基质中提取多环芳烃仍然是关键步骤。本研究的目的是比较使用乙醇作为改性剂的超临界流体萃取（SFE）、微波辅助萃取（MAE）和桉叶油辅助萃取（EuAE）从加标土壤和沉积物中提取多环芳烃（菲、芘、屈和苯并[a]芘）的效果。三种方法对多环芳烃的回收率相当，添加的芘、屈和苯并[a]芘的回收率均超过80%。从不同污染水平的天然土壤中提取多环芳烃最有效的方法是超临界流体萃取。在优化条件下，与超临界流体萃取和微波辅助萃取相比，桉叶油辅助萃取方法需要更长的萃取时间。然而，与超临界流体萃取（80℃）和微波辅助萃取（110 - 120℃）相比，桉叶油辅助萃取所需的萃取温度较低（15 - 20℃），且消耗的溶剂比超临界流体萃取和微波辅助萃取少。与微波辅助萃取中使用的己烷/丙酮相比，超临界流体萃取中使用乙醇以及桉叶油辅助萃取中使用桉叶油可被视为从加标/天然污染的土壤和沉积物中高效提取多环芳烃的更具可持续性的方法。而且，尽管对于含碳量较高的基质效率较低，但桉叶油辅助萃取提供了一种廉价、低技术的多环芳烃提取方法。《环境毒理学与化学》2023年；42:982 - 994。© 2023作者。《环境毒理学与化学》由威利期刊有限责任公司代表SETAC出版。
