Hurwitz S, Plavnik I, Rosenberg J, Ben-Gal I, Talpaz H, Bartov I
Institute of Animal Science, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel.
Poult Sci. 1987 Aug;66(8):1346-57. doi: 10.3382/ps.0661346.
Interactions between environmental temperature and dietary energy sources were evaluated in 6 to 9-wk and 9 to 12-wk-old turkeys using weight gain, feed efficiency, and carcass fat as response criteria. The dietary variables (soybean oil or glucose) were added in five or six increments at the expense of each other or of the fiber supplements, keeping the minima for protein and amino acid/energy constant. The resulting diets were fed to birds kept at 10 and 27 C. Duplicate experiments were conducted for each mode of dietary variable addition. Parallel increases in body weight gain and feed efficiency were obtained at the two temperatures when fat replaced carbohydrates or fiber, thereby raising dietary energy density. Some responses of weight gain and feed efficiency at the two temperatures were obtained also with a graded isocaloric addition of fat but the response was significant only at 27 C and not at 10 C. A greater response of gain and feed efficiency to energy supplied by dietary glucose was obtained at 10 C as compared with 27 C. Dietary fat supplementation resulted in increased deposition of carcass fat when given together with energy or isocalorically regardless of environmental temperature. Carcass fat was increased by glucose-energy at the low temperature only.
以体重增加、饲料效率和胴体脂肪作为反应标准，在6至9周龄和9至12周龄的火鸡中评估环境温度与膳食能量来源之间的相互作用。膳食变量（豆油或葡萄糖）以相互替代或替代纤维补充剂的方式分五或六次添加，保持蛋白质和氨基酸/能量的最小值不变。将所得日粮喂给饲养在10℃和27℃的火鸡。对每种膳食变量添加方式进行了重复实验。当脂肪替代碳水化合物或纤维从而提高膳食能量密度时，在两个温度下体重增加和饲料效率都得到了平行提高。在两个温度下，通过分级等热量添加脂肪也获得了一些体重增加和饲料效率的反应，但该反应仅在27℃时显著，在10℃时不显著。与27℃相比，在10℃时，体重增加和饲料效率对膳食葡萄糖提供的能量反应更大。无论环境温度如何，膳食脂肪补充剂与能量一起或等热量给予时，都会导致胴体脂肪沉积增加。仅在低温下，葡萄糖能量会增加胴体脂肪。
