Department of Logistics and Transport Management, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Plytinės Str. 27, LT-10105 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Department of Mechanical and Material Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Plytinės Str. 25, LT-10105 Vilnius, Lithuania.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Feb 16;23(4):2213. doi: 10.3390/s23042213.
Automation and digitisation are the driving force of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Industrial revolutions led to the mass production of goods, which increased the need for modern warehouses. Every year, the operation of warehouses becomes increasingly more complicated due to the increasing abundance of goods, thus the usual warehouse management strategies are no longer suitable. In order to cope with huge product flows, modern innovations should be used more extensively to manage these processes. Successful management will help provide quality service to rapidly changing business sectors. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technology designed to process large amounts of data with maximum efficiency in real time. This technology can facilitate the implementation of smart identification, tracking, tracing, and management using radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared sensors, global positioning systems (GPS), laser scanners, and other detection tools. Such innovations as IoT have made a significant impact on warehousing operations. The aim of IoT is to perform administrative work, i.e., to efficiently manage warehouse data. IoT can be used to monitor and track goods, forecast demand trends, manage inventory, and perform other warehouse operations in real time. The key elements of a warehouse are sales and customer satisfaction. Implementing IoT improves financial performance, work productivity, and customer satisfaction. However, innovation requires additional investment in, for instance, implementation and maintenance. It is necessary to investigate how warehouse elements such as inventory accuracy or order processing time are affected by the internet of things in companies of different sizes. Research on the impact of IoT on warehouse management focuses on IoT advantages, disadvantages, mitigation risks, and the use of IoT in warehouses. The aim of this work is to research the impact of IoT on warehouse management in companies of different sizes and to determine whether the costs and benefits of IoT differ in the same scenario. As a result, the conceptual model for the adoption of IoT measures in warehouse companies was created, and its suitability was assessed by experts.
自动化和数字化是第四次工业革命的驱动力。工业革命导致了商品的大规模生产,这增加了对现代化仓库的需求。由于商品的日益丰富,每年仓库的运作变得越来越复杂,因此通常的仓库管理策略不再适用。为了应对巨大的产品流量,应该更广泛地使用现代创新来管理这些流程。成功的管理将有助于为快速变化的商业部门提供优质的服务。物联网 (IoT) 是一种旨在实时以最高效率处理大量数据的技术。这项技术可以借助射频识别 (RFID)、红外传感器、全球定位系统 (GPS)、激光扫描仪和其他检测工具来实现智能识别、跟踪、追溯和管理。物联网等创新对仓库运营产生了重大影响。物联网的目的是执行管理工作,即高效管理仓库数据。物联网可用于实时监控和跟踪货物、预测需求趋势、管理库存以及执行其他仓库操作。仓库的关键要素是销售和客户满意度。实施物联网可以提高财务业绩、工作效率和客户满意度。然而,创新需要额外的投资,例如实施和维护。有必要调查物联网如何影响不同规模公司的仓库要素,如库存准确性或订单处理时间。关于物联网对仓库管理影响的研究侧重于物联网的优势、劣势、缓解风险以及物联网在仓库中的应用。本工作的目的是研究物联网对不同规模公司仓库管理的影响,并确定物联网的成本和收益在相同情况下是否存在差异。因此,创建了物联网措施在仓库公司采用的概念模型,并由专家对其适用性进行了评估。