Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK.
Viruses. 2023 Feb 20;15(2):585. doi: 10.3390/v15020585.
Brazil is one of the nations most affected by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The introduction and establishment of new virus variants can be related to an increase in cases and fatalities. The emergence of Omicron, the most modified SARS-CoV-2 variant, caused alarm for the public health of Brazil. In this study, we examined the effects of the Omicron introduction in Minas Gerais (MG), the second-most populous state of Brazil. A total of 430 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) samples from November 2021 to June 2022 from Belo Horizonte (BH) city were sequenced. These newly sequenced genomes comprise 72% of all previously available SARS-CoV-2 genomes for the city. Evolutionary analysis of novel viral genomes reveals that a great diversity of Omicron sublineages have circulated in BH, a pattern in-keeping with observations across Brazil more generally. Bayesian phylogeographic reconstructions indicate that this diversity is a product of a large number of international and national importations. As observed previously, São Paulo state is shown as a significant hub for viral spread throughout the country, contributing to around 70% of all viral Omicron introductions detected in MG.
巴西是受 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）影响最严重的国家之一。新病毒变种的引入和建立可能与病例和死亡人数的增加有关。最具修饰性的 SARS-CoV-2 变种奥密克戎的出现引起了巴西公众健康的警觉。在这项研究中，我们研究了奥密克戎在巴西第二大人口州米纳斯吉拉斯州（MG）的引入的影响。共对 2021 年 11 月至 2022 年 6 月来自贝洛奥里藏特（BH）市的 430 个严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）样本进行了测序。这些新测序的基因组占该市之前所有 SARS-CoV-2 基因组的 72%。新病毒基因组的进化分析表明，奥密克戎亚谱系的多样性在 BH 中传播，这与巴西更广泛的观察结果一致。贝叶斯系统地理学重建表明，这种多样性是大量国际和国内输入的产物。与之前观察到的情况一样，圣保罗州被显示为全国病毒传播的重要中心，对米纳斯吉拉斯州检测到的所有病毒奥密克戎引入的约 70%作出了贡献。
