Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Ultrasound Med. 2023 Aug;42(8):1639-1646. doi: 10.1002/jum.16206. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
The use of musculoskeletal (MSK) ultrasound (US) in pediatric rheumatology has expanded rapidly with various diagnostic and therapeutic indications. Unlike magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), US allows real-time dynamic assessment, evaluation of multiple joints in a single session and comparison with contralateral limb. However, a long learning curve and lack of experience with MSK US in pediatric patients still precludes its routine use at many imaging centers. It is prudent for pediatric radiologists to be aware of normal US appearances of the growing MSK structures to avoid their misinterpretation as pathology. The normal MSK US findings in children which can be confused with pathology and create diagnostic difficulty can arise due to variable states of maturation of bones, cartilage and tendons, complex anatomical locations, accessory structures, and artifacts. Herein, we describe the various technical and interpretive challenges encountered with MSK US in pediatric patients.
肌肉骨骼（MSK）超声（US）在儿科风湿病学中的应用迅速扩展，具有多种诊断和治疗指征。与磁共振成像（MRI）不同，US 允许实时动态评估、单次评估多个关节，并与对侧肢体进行比较。然而，由于在儿科患者中缺乏 MSK US 的经验和较长的学习曲线，许多成像中心仍然无法常规使用 US。儿科放射科医生应该了解生长中的 MSK 结构的正常 US 表现，以避免将其误诊为病理学。正常的 MSK US 表现可能与病理表现混淆，从而导致诊断困难，这可能是由于骨骼、软骨和肌腱的成熟状态不同、解剖位置复杂、附属结构和伪影所致。在此，我们描述了儿科患者 MSK US 中遇到的各种技术和解释挑战。
