Robertson Angela A, Gardner Sheena, Dembo Richard, Dennis Michael, Pankow Jennifer, Wilson Khirsten J
Social Science Research Center, Mississippi State University, 1 Research Blvd., Suite 103, Starkville, MS, 39759, USA.
Department of Criminology, College of Behavioral & Criminal Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Health Justice. 2023 Feb 28;11(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s40352-023-00210-3.
Substance use disorders (SUD) are prevalent among justice-involved youth (JIY) and are a robust predictor of re-offending. Only a fraction of JIY with substance use problems receive treatment. This paper describes the impacts of system-level efforts to improve identification and referral to treatment on recidivism of JIY. A cluster randomized trial involving 20 county juvenile justice agency sites across 5 states was used to implement an organizational intervention (Core vs Enhanced) to juvenile justice staff and community-based treatment providers, working with 18,698 JIY from March 2014 to August 2017. Recidivism rates over four study time periods were examined. Logistic regression was used to predict recidivism as a function of site, need for SUD services, level of supervision, time, organizational intervention, and time x intervention interaction terms. Results indicated that Enhanced sites showed decreased levels of recidivism compared to Core-only sites, where it increased over time. Additionally, need for SU services, level of supervision, and site were significant predictors of reoffending. Findings suggest the potential value of facilitation of juvenile justice agency efforts to increasing identification of and referral to SUD services of JIY in need of such services for reducing further contact with the legal system.
物质使用障碍（SUD）在涉司法青少年（JIY）中很普遍，并且是再次犯罪的有力预测指标。只有一小部分有物质使用问题的涉司法青少年接受治疗。本文描述了系统层面为改善识别和转介治疗而做出的努力对涉司法青少年再犯的影响。一项涉及5个州20个县青少年司法机构场所的整群随机试验，用于对青少年司法工作人员和社区治疗提供者实施组织干预（核心干预与强化干预），在2014年3月至2017年8月期间与18698名涉司法青少年合作。研究了四个研究时间段的再犯率。使用逻辑回归来预测再犯情况，将其作为场所、物质使用障碍服务需求、监管水平、时间、组织干预以及时间×干预交互项的函数。结果表明，与仅采用核心干预的场所相比，强化干预场所的再犯水平有所下降，而仅采用核心干预的场所再犯率随时间上升。此外，物质使用服务需求、监管水平和场所是再次犯罪的重要预测因素。研究结果表明，促进青少年司法机构努力增加对有此类服务需求的涉司法青少年的物质使用障碍服务识别和转介，对于减少与法律系统的进一步接触具有潜在价值。
