Musie Wondimu, Gonfa Girma
Department of Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, 16417 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2023 Feb;87(4):998-1008. doi: 10.2166/wst.2023.031.
Bentonite is one of the clay materials that have important characteristics and is applicable to construction and for different industrial uses. Treatment of this material to enhance some of its physicochemical properties to suit the desired applicability has been a focus research area. In this work, natural bentonite from Warseisso, Afar region, Ethiopia was activated with thermal treatment. The raw and treated bentonites were then characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, BET, and cation exchange capacity. The effects of activation parameters (time and temperature) on its physiochemical properties and its performance for the removal of sodium ions from water were investigated. Bentonite activated for 6 h at 300 °C showed a maximum specific surface area of 81.74 m/g while the raw one showed 57.6 m/g. However, the cation exchange capacity value of the raw bentonite was found to be 82.1 meq/100 g while the value was reduced to 67.2 meq/100 g for treated bentonite with high specific surface area. To check the performance of the activated bentonite for desalination application, batch adsorption of sodium from synthetically produced sodium chloride solution was made. A sodium removal performance of 10% was achieved with treated bentonite at the maximum specific surface area.
膨润土是具有重要特性的粘土材料之一，适用于建筑和不同的工业用途。对这种材料进行处理以增强其某些物理化学性质以适应所需的适用性一直是一个重点研究领域。在这项工作中，对来自埃塞俄比亚阿法尔地区瓦尔塞索的天然膨润土进行了热处理活化。然后使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、比表面积分析仪（BET）和阳离子交换容量对原始膨润土和处理后的膨润土进行了表征。研究了活化参数（时间和温度）对其物理化学性质及其从水中去除钠离子性能的影响。在300℃下活化6小时的膨润土的最大比表面积为81.74 m²/g，而原始膨润土的比表面积为57.6 m²/g。然而，发现原始膨润土的阳离子交换容量值为82.1 meq/100 g，而具有高比表面积的处理后膨润土的该值降至67.2 meq/100 g。为了检验活化膨润土在脱盐应用中的性能，对合成生产的氯化钠溶液中的钠进行了批量吸附。具有最大比表面积的处理后膨润土实现了10%的钠去除性能。
