Dessalegn Mekonnen, Fantahun Mengistu, Yesufe Abdu Adem, Hussein Mintewab, Tsegaye Aster
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Cancer Manag Res. 2023 Feb 22;15:185-195. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S386181. eCollection 2023.
Globally the incidence of cancer is about 19.3 million new cases per year. Chemotherapy is among the standard treatments for cancer but neutropenia and febrile neutropenia are the most common side effects.
To assess the incidences of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, febrile-neutropenia and associated factors in solid cancer patients attending Oncology unit of St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
In this institution-based longitudinal study conducted from February to September, 2020 at one of the largest teaching and referral hospitals of Ethiopia, 101 patients who were diagnosed with any type of solid cancer were recruited using convenience sampling method. Patients were followed-up until they completed five cycles of chemotherapy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. Paired sample -test was used to compare the pre- and post-treatment results. Chi-squared test was employed to determine associated factors of neutropenia, and p-values less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant.
Of the total 101 participants, 98 were eligible per inclusion criteria and 6 (6.1%) of them died during the study period. The age of the participants ranged from 16-84 years with a mean age of 45. Of them, 48 (49.0%) were in the age group of 16-44 years, 73 (74.5%) were female, 66 (67.3%) were married, and 42.9% attained primary education. Among 92 patients, the incidence of neutropenia was 65 (70.7%) and the incidence of febrile neutropenia was 46 (50.0%). Adriamycin + cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin + cyclophosphamide + paclitaxel were the most commonly used anti-cancer treatments in this study. None of the tested factors were associated with chemo-induced neutropenia.
More than two thirds of the patients had chemotherapy associated neutropenia while half of the patients had febrile neutropenia; close monitoring of such patients is warranted.
全球每年癌症新发病例约1930万例。化疗是癌症的标准治疗方法之一，但中性粒细胞减少和发热性中性粒细胞减少是最常见的副作用。
评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴圣保罗医院千禧医学院肿瘤科实体癌患者化疗引起的中性粒细胞减少、发热性中性粒细胞减少的发生率及相关因素。
在2020年2月至9月于埃塞俄比亚最大的教学和转诊医院之一进行的这项基于机构的纵向研究中，采用便利抽样法招募了101例被诊断患有任何类型实体癌的患者。对患者进行随访，直至他们完成五个周期的化疗。使用SPSS 23版软件进行数据分析。配对样本检验用于比较治疗前后的结果。采用卡方检验确定中性粒细胞减少的相关因素，p值小于0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
在总共101名参与者中，98名符合纳入标准，其中6名（6.1%）在研究期间死亡。参与者年龄在16至84岁之间，平均年龄为45岁。其中，48名（49.0%）在16至44岁年龄组，73名（74.5%）为女性，66名（67.3%）已婚，42.9%接受过小学教育。在92例患者中，中性粒细胞减少的发生率为65例（70.7%），发热性中性粒细胞减少的发生率为46例（50.0%）。阿霉素+环磷酰胺和阿霉素+环磷酰胺+紫杉醇是本研究中最常用的抗癌治疗方案。所测试的因素均与化疗引起的中性粒细胞减少无关。
超过三分之二的患者出现化疗相关的中性粒细胞减少，而一半的患者出现发热性中性粒细胞减少；对此类患者进行密切监测是必要的。
