School of Economics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
School of Economics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Apr;30(18):53339-53354. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25969-8. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry is of great significance for China to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 and enhance the international competitiveness in the new energy vehicle industry. We propose a framework to evaluate the leading position in the innovation network of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and analyze the influential factors of the leading position. First, we construct China's hydrogen fuel cell vehicle innovation network and its two sub-networks through 3528 patents registered in China and applied by 254 Chinese and foreign innovators. Second, the positions of Chinese and foreign innovators in the network are evaluated. Last, the influential factors of the leading position are tested through regression analysis. The main results show that (1) China has formed a hub-and-spoke mode of innovation cluster in hydrogen fuel cell vehicle innovation network, but the inter-provincial innovation cooperation has not been formed in the industrial chain. (2) Universities and research institutes are important innovators in China's hydrogen fuel cell vehicle innovation network. Firms obtain knowledge through collaboration with them, which form an industry-university-research cooperation mode. (3) The number of Chinese leaders in hydrogen fuel cell vehicle network is increasing. Foreign innovators occupy the leading position in fuel cell sub-network, while Chinese innovators are the leaders in hydrogen infrastructure sub-network. (4) The leading position of Chinese innovators in hydrogen infrastructure sub-network is promoted by the patent applications of the universities, the development of equipment manufacturing, the government subsidies, and the competition of electric vehicles, while they are hindered by the scale of traditional automobile industry.
氢能燃料电池汽车产业对于中国实现 2060 年碳中和目标、提升新能源汽车产业国际竞争力具有重要意义。我们提出了一个评估氢能燃料电池汽车创新网络中领先地位的框架，并分析了影响领先地位的因素。首先，我们通过在中国注册的 3528 项专利和 254 家中外创新者的申请，构建了中国氢能燃料电池汽车创新网络及其两个子网络。其次，评估了中外创新者在网络中的地位。最后，通过回归分析测试了领先地位的影响因素。主要结果表明：(1)中国在氢能燃料电池汽车创新网络中形成了以创新集群为中心的辐条模式，但产业链内尚未形成省际创新合作。(2)大学和研究机构是中国氢能燃料电池汽车创新网络中的重要创新者。企业通过与它们的合作获取知识，形成产学研合作模式。(3)中国在氢能燃料电池网络中的领导者数量正在增加。外国创新者在燃料电池子网中占据领先地位，而中国创新者在氢能基础设施子网中处于领先地位。(4)中国创新者在氢能基础设施子网中的领先地位受到大学专利申请、设备制造业发展、政府补贴和电动汽车竞争的推动，而传统汽车产业规模则对其构成阻碍。
