Department of Medicine II, Lower Austrian Centre for Rheumatology, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Clinical Rheumatology, State Hospital Stockerau, Stockerau, Austria.
Institute for Strategy and Managerial Accounting, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria.
Rheumatology (Oxford). 2023 Nov 2;62(11):3538-3546. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead090.
While >50% of medical students and residents are women, their proportion drastically diminishes within higher ranks and leadership roles; this is known as the 'leaky pipeline'. We aimed to evaluate the leaky pipeline among rheumatologists across Europe and to assess determinants inducing rheumatologists to leave hospitals.
Experts in the field of economics developed a questionnaire with scientific focus on the leaky pipeline among rheumatologists, which was distributed electronically by national scientific societies of EULAR countries and by individual contacts. We performed common factor analysis, univariate t-tests and multivariate regression analyses to appraise our dataset.
A total of 311 hospital-based rheumatologists from 23/45 EULAR countries (52.7% females, 47.3% males) answered the questionnaire. The presence of the leaky pipeline was evident for the entire sample. Of 64% female rheumatologists only 34.2% of departments' directors were female, with noteworthy regional differences. Female doctors reported higher intentions to leave their hospital (β = 0.28, P < 0.05) and lower commitment towards their current organization (β = -0.34, P < 0.05) when compared with males. Women reported lower levels of job satisfaction (β = -0.26, P < 0.10), promotion justice (β = -0.55, P < 0.01) and career perspectives (β = -0.26, P < 0.10, one-tailed) than men, explaining their lower organizational commitment.
Female rheumatologists perceive worse job opportunities and satisfaction than males. Many reasons for the leaky pipeline are beyond the control of organizations. Based on our results, organizations should be encouraged to reconsider and adjust their performance management practices to enable an equitable work environment.
尽管超过 50%的医学生和住院医师是女性，但在更高的职级和领导岗位中，女性的比例大幅下降；这被称为“渗漏管道”。我们旨在评估欧洲风湿病学家中的渗漏管道，并评估导致风湿病学家离开医院的决定因素。
经济学领域的专家制定了一份问卷，重点关注风湿病学家中的渗漏管道问题，该问卷由 EULAR 国家的国家科学协会和个人联系以电子方式分发。我们进行了共同因素分析、单变量 t 检验和多元回归分析，以评估我们的数据集。
共有来自 23/45 个 EULAR 国家的 311 名医院风湿病学家（52.7%为女性，47.3%为男性）回答了问卷。整个样本中都存在渗漏管道现象。在 64%的女性风湿病学家中，只有 34.2%的部门主任是女性，且存在显著的区域差异。与男性相比，女性医生表示离开医院的意愿更高（β=0.28，P<0.05），对当前组织的承诺更低（β=-0.34，P<0.05）。与男性相比，女性报告的工作满意度（β=-0.26，P<0.10）、晋升公平（β=-0.55，P<0.01）和职业前景（β=-0.26，P<0.10，单侧）水平较低，这解释了她们较低的组织承诺。
女性风湿病学家比男性医生感受到更差的工作机会和满意度。渗漏管道的许多原因超出了组织的控制范围。基于我们的结果，应鼓励组织重新考虑并调整其绩效管理实践，以实现公平的工作环境。
