School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710600, China.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2023 Feb 1;94(2):024702. doi: 10.1063/5.0130249.
Detection of the microwave (MW) field with high accuracy is very important in the physical science and engineering fields. Herein, an atomic Rabi resonance-based MW magnetic field sensor with a high-dynamic-range is reported, where α and β Rabi resonances are used to measure MW fields. In MW measurement experiments, the sensor successfully measured a magnetic field of about 10 nT at 9.2 GHz using the α Rabi resonance line on the cesium clock transition and continuously detected the MW magnetic field in the X-band over a high dynamic power range of >60 dB from the β Rabi resonance. Finally, the MW power frequency shift and power broadening are investigated to support more sensitive field measurements. The proposed MW detection method can be extended to cover a higher dynamic range and a wider frequency band by applying stronger excitations and exploring non-clock atomic transitions, respectively. In addition to MW magnetic field sensing, other potential application of the proposed method can be explored, including SI-traceable MW calibration and atomic communication.
高精度地检测微波（MW）场在物理科学和工程领域非常重要。在此，我们报道了一种基于原子拉比共振的高动态范围 MW 磁场传感器，其中α和β拉比共振用于测量 MW 场。在 MW 测量实验中，该传感器成功地使用铯钟跃迁上的α拉比共振线测量了约 9.2GHz 处的 10nT 磁场，并通过β拉比共振连续检测了 X 波段内超过 60dB 的高动态功率范围的 MW 磁场。最后，研究了 MW 功率频率漂移和功率展宽，以支持更灵敏的场测量。通过应用更强的激发和探索非钟原子跃迁，可以分别将所提出的 MW 检测方法扩展到更高的动态范围和更宽的频带。除了 MW 磁场传感之外，还可以探索其他潜在的应用，包括 SI 可追踪的 MW 校准和原子通信。
