State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.
Advanced Interdisciplinary Technology Research Center, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, Beijing 100071, People's Republic of China.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2023 Feb;153(2):773. doi: 10.1121/10.0016612.
In deep water, multipath time delays or frequency-domain interference periods of the acoustic intensity combined with multipath arrival angles are typically used for source localization. However, depth estimate is hard to achieve for a narrowband source at a remote part of the direct arrival zone as the required bandwidth increases with the source range. In this paper, a passive source localization method with a vertical line array, suitable for both broadband and narrowband sources, is proposed. Based on the variation trends of multipath angles with source range and depth, source localization is achieved by only matching the measured angles of the direct path and surface-reflected path with model-based values of a predefined grid of potential source locations. Considering the angle resolution limited by the array aperture and the presence of coherent multipath, sparse Bayesian learning is used and compared with the conventional beamforming and the minimum-variance distortionless-response beamforming to resolve and estimate the multipath angles. Simulations and experimental data of explosive sources collected by a vertical line array in the South China Sea are carried out to illustrate the method and demonstrate the performance.
在深水中，通常使用水声强度的多径时延或频域干扰周期以及多径到达角进行声源定位。然而，对于处于直达波区域远端的窄带声源，由于所需带宽随声源距离增加，深度估计变得困难。本文提出了一种适用于宽带和窄带声源的基于垂直线列阵的被动声源定位方法。基于多径角随声源距离和深度的变化趋势，通过仅将直达路径和表面反射路径的实测角与预定义潜在声源位置网格的基于模型的值相匹配，实现声源定位。考虑到阵列孔径限制的角度分辨率和相干多径的存在，使用稀疏贝叶斯学习并与传统波束形成和最小方差无失真响应波束形成进行比较，以分辨和估计多径角。通过在南海使用垂直线列阵采集的爆炸源的仿真和实验数据，说明了该方法并演示了其性能。
