Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
Front Immunol. 2023 Feb 13;14:1118610. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118610. eCollection 2023.
Germ cell tumors (GCTs) represent a heterogeneous neoplasm family affecting gonads and rarely occurring in extragonadal areas. Most of patients have a good prognosis, often even in the presence of metastatic disease; however, in almost 15% of cases, tumor relapse and platinum resistance are the main challenges. Thus, novel treatment strategies with both improved antineoplastic activity and minor treatment-related adverse events compared with platinum are really expected. In this context, the development and the high activity demonstrated by immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumors and, subsequently, the interesting results obtained from the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-) T cell therapy in hematological tumors, have stimulated research in this direction also in GCTs. In this article, we will analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune action in the development of GCTs, and we will report the data from the studies that tested the new immunotherapeutic approaches in these neoplasms.
生殖细胞肿瘤（GCTs）是一组异质性肿瘤，影响性腺，很少发生在性腺外部位。大多数患者预后良好，即使存在转移疾病也是如此；然而，在近 15%的病例中，肿瘤复发和铂类耐药是主要挑战。因此，与铂类相比，具有更好的抗肿瘤活性和较少的治疗相关不良事件的新型治疗策略是非常需要的。在这方面，免疫检查点抑制剂在实体肿瘤中的发展和高活性，以及随后在血液肿瘤中使用嵌合抗原受体（CAR-）T 细胞治疗所获得的有趣结果，也激发了 GCT 领域的相关研究。在本文中，我们将分析 GCT 发生过程中免疫作用的分子机制，并报告在这些肿瘤中测试新的免疫治疗方法的研究数据。
