Kalds Peter, Zhou Shiwei, Huang Shuhong, Gao Yawei, Wang Xiaolong, Chen Yulin
International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish 45511, Egypt.
J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Mar 15;71(10):4216-4227. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08583. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
How to increase meat production is one of the main questions in animal breeding. Selection for improved body weight has been made and, due to recent genomic advances, naturally occurring variants that are responsible for controlling economically relevant phenotypes have been revealed. The () gene, a superstar gene in animal breeding, was discovered as a negative controller of muscle mass. In some livestock species, natural mutations in the gene could generate the agriculturally desirable double-muscling phenotype. However, some other livestock species or breeds lack these desirable variants. Genetic modification, particularly gene editing, offers an unprecedented opportunity to induce or mimic naturally occurring mutations in livestock genomes. To date, various -edited livestock species have been generated using different gene modification tools. These gene-edited models have higher growth rates and increased muscle mass, suggesting the high potential of utilizing gene editing in animal breeding. Additionally, post-editing investigations in most livestock species support the favorable influence of targeting the gene on meat quantity and quality. In this Review, we provide a collective discussion on targeting the gene in livestock to further encourage its utilization opportunities. It is expected that, shortly, gene-edited livestock will be commercialized, and -edited meat will be on the tables of ordinary customers.
如何提高肉类产量是动物育种中的主要问题之一。人们已经针对提高体重进行了选育，并且由于近期基因组学的进展，已经揭示了负责控制经济相关表型的自然发生的变异。（）基因是动物育种中的一个超级明星基因，被发现是肌肉量的负调控因子。在一些家畜物种中，该基因的自然突变可产生农业上理想的双肌表型。然而，其他一些家畜物种或品种缺乏这些理想的变异。基因改造，特别是基因编辑，为在牲畜基因组中诱导或模拟自然发生的突变提供了前所未有的机会。迄今为止，已经使用不同的基因改造工具培育出了各种经过基因编辑的牲畜物种。这些经过基因编辑的模型具有更高的生长速度和增加的肌肉量，表明在动物育种中利用基因编辑具有很高的潜力。此外，对大多数家畜物种进行编辑后的研究支持靶向该基因对肉的数量和质量的有利影响。在本综述中，我们对家畜中靶向该基因进行了综合讨论，以进一步促进其利用机会。预计不久之后，经过基因编辑的牲畜将实现商业化，经过基因编辑的肉类将出现在普通消费者的餐桌上。
