Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Transpl Immunol. 2023 Jun;78:101809. doi: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101809. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the causative agent of hepatitis E, is a common but self-limiting disease. However, in immunosuppressed kidney transplant 47 recipients (KTRs), HEV infection can become chronic. We investigated risk factors associated with HEV infection among 271 KTRs at the Johns Hopkins Hospital transplanted between 1988 and 2012.
HEV infection was defined as having positive anti-HEV IgM, anti-HEV IgG, or HEV RNA. The risk factors included: age at transplant, sex, hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis, plasmapheresis, transfusions, community urbanization, and other socioeconomic factors. Logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors associated with HEV infection.
Out of 271 KTRs, 43 (16%) had HEV infection though not active disease. HEV infection in KTRs was associated with older age (≥45 years; OR = 4.04; 95% CI = 1.81-57 10.03; p = 0.001) and living in communities with low proportions of minorities (OR = 0.22; 95% 58 CI = 0.04-0.90; p = 0.046).
KTRs who had HEV infection may be at an increased risk of developing chronic HEV.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是戊型肝炎的病原体，是一种常见但自限性疾病。然而，在免疫抑制的肾移植受者（KTR）中，HEV 感染可能会变为慢性。我们研究了在 1988 年至 2012 年间在约翰霍普金斯医院接受移植的 271 名 KTR 中与 HEV 感染相关的危险因素。
HEV 感染定义为具有抗-HEV IgM、抗-HEV IgG 或 HEV RNA 阳性。危险因素包括：移植时的年龄、性别、血液透析/腹膜透析、血浆置换、输血、社区城市化以及其他社会经济因素。使用逻辑回归确定与 HEV 感染相关的独立危险因素。
在 271 名 KTR 中，有 43 名（16%）患有 HEV 感染，但没有活动性疾病。KTR 中的 HEV 感染与年龄较大（≥45 岁；OR=4.04；95%CI=1.81-5710.03；p=0.001）和居住在少数民族比例较低的社区（OR=0.22；95%CI=0.04-0.90；p=0.046）相关。
患有 HEV 感染的 KTR 可能有更高的发展慢性 HEV 的风险。
