Braymiller Jessica L, Riehm Kira E, Meier Madeline, Krueger Evan A, Unger Jennifer B, Barrington-Trimis Jessica L, Cho Junhan, Lanza H Isabella, Madden Danielle R, Kechter Afton, Leventhal Adam M
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2023 Mar 3. doi: 10.1007/s00213-023-06330-w.
Specific cannabis products may differentially increase risk of initiating non-cannabis illicit drug use during adolescence.
To determine whether ever- and poly-use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, or blunt cannabis products are associated with subsequent initiation of non-cannabis illicit drug use.
High school students from Los Angeles completed in-classroom surveys. The analytic sample (N = 2163; 53.9% female; 43.5% Hispanic/Latino; baseline M age = 17.1 years) included students who reported never using illicit drugs at baseline (spring, 11th grade) and provided data at follow-up (fall and spring, 12th grade). Logistic regression models assessed associations between use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, and blunt cannabis at baseline (yes/no for each product) and any non-cannabis illicit drug use initiation-including cocaine, methamphetamine, psychedelics, ecstasy, heroin, prescription opioids, or benzodiazepines-at follow-up.
Among those who never used non-cannabis illicit drugs at baseline, ever cannabis use varied by cannabis product (smoked = 25.8%, edible = 17.5%, vaporized = 8.4%, concentrates = 3.9%, and blunts = 18.2%) and patterns of use (single product use = 8.2% and poly-product use = 21.8%). After adjustment for baseline covariates, odds of illicit drug use at follow-up were largest for baseline ever users of concentrates (aOR [95% CI] = 5.74[3.16-10.43]), followed by vaporized (aOR [95% CI] = 3.11 [2.41-4.01]), edibles (aOR [95% CI] = 3.43 [2.32-5.08]), blunts (aOR [95% CI] = 2.66[1.60-4.41]), and smoked (aOR [95% CI] = 2.57 [1.64-4.02]) cannabis. Ever use of a single product (aOR [95% CI] = 2.34 [1.26-4.34]) or 2 + products (aOR [95% CI] = 3.82 [2.73-5.35]) were also associated with greater odds of illicit drug initiation.
For each of five different cannabis products, cannabis use was associated with greater odds of subsequent illicit drug use initiation, especially for cannabis concentrate and poly-product use.
特定的大麻产品可能会不同程度地增加青少年开始使用非大麻类非法药物的风险。
确定吸食、雾化、食用、浓缩或钝器大麻产品的曾经使用和多种使用情况是否与随后开始使用非大麻类非法药物有关。
来自洛杉矶的高中生完成了课堂调查。分析样本（N = 2163；53.9%为女性；43.5%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔；基线平均年龄 = 17.1岁）包括在基线（11年级春季）报告从未使用过非法药物并在随访（12年级秋季和春季）提供数据的学生。逻辑回归模型评估了基线时吸食、雾化、食用、浓缩和钝器大麻的使用情况（每种产品为是/否）与随访时任何非大麻类非法药物使用开始之间的关联，包括可卡因、甲基苯丙胺、迷幻药、摇头丸、海洛因、处方阿片类药物或苯二氮卓类药物。
在基线时从未使用过非大麻类非法药物的人群中，曾经使用大麻的情况因大麻产品而异（吸食 = 25.8%，食用 = 17.5%，雾化 = 8.4%，浓缩 = 3.9%，钝器 = 18.2%）以及使用模式（单一产品使用 = 8.2%，多种产品使用 = 21.8%）。在对基线协变量进行调整后，随访时非法药物使用的几率在基线时曾经使用浓缩大麻的人群中最高（调整后的比值比[aOR][95%置信区间] = 5.74[3.16 - 10.43]），其次是雾化大麻（aOR[95%置信区间] = 3.11[2.41 - 4.01]）、食用大麻（aOR[95%置信区间] = 3.43[2.32 - 5.08]）、钝器大麻（aOR[95%置信区间] = 2.66[1.60 - 4.41]）和吸食大麻（aOR[95%置信区间] = 2.57[1.64 - 4.02]）。曾经使用单一产品（aOR[95%置信区间] = 2.34[1.26 - 4.34]）或两种及以上产品（aOR[95%置信区间] = 3.82[2.73 - 5.35]）也与非法药物开始使用的几率增加有关。
对于五种不同的大麻产品中的每一种，使用大麻都与随后非法药物使用开始的几率增加有关，尤其是对于大麻浓缩物和多种产品使用。
