Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Trials. 2023 Mar 2;24(1):159. doi: 10.1186/s13063-023-07157-8.
Recruiting participants for lifestyle programmes is known to be challenging. Insights into recruitment strategies, enrolment rates and costs are valuable but rarely reported. We provide insight into the costs and results of used recruitment strategies, baseline characteristics and feasibility of at-home cardiometabolic measurements as part of the Supreme Nudge trial investigating healthy lifestyle behaviours. This trial was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, requiring a largely remote data collection approach. Potential sociodemographic differences were explored between participants recruited through various strategies and for at-home measurement completion rates.
Participants were recruited from socially disadvantaged areas around participating study supermarkets (n = 12 supermarkets) across the Netherlands, aged 30-80 years, and regular shoppers of the participating supermarkets. Recruitment strategies, costs and yields were logged, together with completion rates of at-home measurements of cardiometabolic markers. Descriptive statistics are reported on recruitment yield per used method and baseline characteristics. We used linear and logistic multilevel models to assess the potential sociodemographic differences.
Of 783 recruited, 602 were eligible to participate, and 421 completed informed consent. Most included participants were recruited via letters/flyers at home (75%), but this strategy was very costly per included participant (89 Euros). Of paid strategies, supermarket flyers were the cheapest (12 Euros) and the least time-invasive (< 1 h). Participants who completed baseline measurements (n = 391) were on average 57.6 (SD 11.0) years, 72% were female and 41% had high educational attainment, and they often completed the at-home measurements successfully (lipid profile 88%, HbA1c 94%, waist circumference 99%). Multilevel models suggested that males tended to be recruited more often via word-of-mouth (OR 0.51 (95%CI 0.22; 1.21)). Those who failed the first attempt at completing the at-home blood measurement were older (β 3.89 years (95% CI 1.28; 6.49), whilst the non-completers of the HbA1c (β - 8.92 years (95% CI - 13.62; - 4.28)) and LDL (β - 3.19 years (95% CI - 6.53; 0.09)) were younger.
Supermarket flyers were the most cost-effective paid strategy, whereas mailings to home addresses recruited the most participants but were very costly. At-home cardiometabolic measurements were feasible and may be useful in geographically widespread groups or when face to face contact is not possible.
Dutch Trial Register ID NL7064, 30 May 2018, https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NTR7302.
招募参与生活方式计划的参与者是具有挑战性的。了解招募策略、入组率和成本是有价值的，但很少有报道。我们提供了有关所使用的招募策略、基线特征和家庭中心血管代谢测量可行性的成本和结果的见解，作为调查健康生活方式行为的“至高无上的推动”试验的一部分。该试验是在 COVID-19 大流行期间进行的，需要采用主要的远程数据收集方法。探索了通过各种策略招募的参与者和家庭中心血管代谢标志物测量完成率之间的潜在社会人口统计学差异。
参与者从荷兰参与研究超市（n=12 家超市）所在的社会弱势地区招募，年龄在 30-80 岁之间，是参与超市的常客。记录了招募策略、成本和收益，以及家庭中心血管代谢标志物测量的完成率。报告了每一种使用方法的招募收益和基线特征的描述性统计数据。我们使用线性和逻辑多层模型评估潜在的社会人口统计学差异。
在 783 名招募的参与者中，有 602 名符合参与条件，有 421 名完成了知情同意。大多数纳入的参与者是通过在家中的信件/传单（75%）招募的，但这种策略的每位参与者成本非常高（89 欧元）。在付费策略中，超市传单最便宜（12 欧元），时间侵入性最小（<1 小时）。完成基线测量的参与者（n=391）平均年龄为 57.6（SD 11.0）岁，72%为女性，41%具有高等教育程度，并且他们经常成功完成家庭中心血管代谢标志物测量（血脂谱 88%，HbA1c 94%，腰围 99%）。多层次模型表明，男性通过口碑传播更常被招募（OR 0.51（95%CI 0.22；1.21））。第一次尝试完成家庭血液测量的失败者年龄较大（β 3.89 岁（95%CI 1.28；6.49）），而 HbA1c（β-8.92 岁（95%CI-13.62；-4.28））和 LDL（β-3.19 岁（95%CI-6.53；0.09））的未完成者年龄较小。
超市传单是最具成本效益的付费策略，而邮寄到家庭地址则招募了最多的参与者，但成本非常高。家庭中心血管代谢标志物测量是可行的，可能对地理分布广泛的群体或无法进行面对面接触的群体有用。
荷兰试验注册 ID NL7064，2018 年 5 月 30 日，https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx？TrialID=NTR7302。
