All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Rishikesh Uttarakhand, India. Email:
College of Nursing Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Email:
Invest Educ Enferm. 2022 Oct;40(3). doi: 10.17533/udea.iee.v40n3e03.
To assess the effectiveness of a brief intervention and motivational interviewing in reducing the use of different tobacco-related products in adults.
For this systematic review, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsychINFO databases were electronically searched for randomized controlled trialson the effect of a brief intervention and / or motivational interview on tobacco reduction among healthy adults published between January 1, 2011 to January 1, 2021. Data from eligible studies were extracted and analyzed. CONSORT guidelines were used to assess the quality of the studies by two reviewers for the included studies. The titles and abstracts of the search results were screened and reviewed by two independent reviewers for eligibility criteria per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cochrane review criteria were used to assess the risk of bias in included studies.
A total of 12 studies were included in the final data extraction of 1406 studies. The brief intervention and motivational interviewing showed varied effects on tobacco use reduction among adults at different follow-ups. Seven of the 12 studies (58.3%) reported a beneficial impact on reducing tobacco use. Pieces of evidence on biochemical estimation on tobacco reduction are limited compared to self-reports, and varied results on quitting and tobacco cessation with different follow-ups.
The current evidence supports the effectiveness of a brief intervention and motivational interviewing to quit tobacco use. Still, it suggests using more biochemical markers as outcome measures to reach an intervention-specific decision. While more initiatives to train nurses in providing non-pharmacological nursing interventions, including brief interventions, are recommended to help people quit smoking.
评估简短干预和动机性访谈在减少成年人使用不同烟草制品方面的有效性。
在这项系统评价中，检索了 PubMed、Web of Science 和 PsychINFO 数据库，以获取 2011 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 1 月 1 日期间发表的关于简短干预和/或动机性访谈对健康成年人减少烟草使用效果的随机对照试验。提取合格研究的数据并进行分析。两名评审员根据纳入和排除标准，使用 CONSORT 指南评估纳入研究的质量。通过两名独立评审员对搜索结果的标题和摘要进行筛选和评审，以确定是否符合纳入标准。使用 Cochrane 审查标准评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。
共有 12 项研究符合纳入标准，纳入了 1406 项研究中的最终数据提取。简短干预和动机性访谈在不同随访时间对成年人减少烟草使用的效果各不相同。12 项研究中有 7 项（58.3%）报告了对减少烟草使用有益的影响。与自我报告相比，关于减少烟草使用的生化评估的证据有限，并且不同随访时间的戒烟和烟草戒断结果不同。
目前的证据支持简短干预和动机性访谈在帮助人们戒烟方面的有效性。尽管如此，它建议使用更多的生化标志物作为结果测量指标，以做出干预特定的决策。同时，建议开展更多培训护士提供非药物性护理干预的举措，包括简短干预，以帮助人们戒烟。
