Zhou Jason, Osth Adam F, Smith Philip L
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Cogn Psychol. 2023 Mar;141:101552. doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2023.101552. Epub 2023 Mar 1.
Previous research has characterized source retrieval as a thresholded process, which fails on a proportion of trials and leads to guessing, as opposed to a continuous process, in which response precision varies across trials but is never zero. The thresholded view of source retrieval is largely based on the observation of heavy tailed distributions of response errors, thought to reflect a large proportion of "memoryless" trials. In this study, we investigate whether these errors might instead reflect systematic intrusions from other list items which can mimic source guessing. Using the circular diffusion model of decision making, which accounts for both response errors and RTs we found that intrusions account for some, but not all, errors in a continuous-report source memory task. We found that intrusion errors were more likely to come from items studied in nearby locations and times, and were well-described by a spatiotemporal gradient model, but not from semantically or perceptually similar cues. Our findings support a thresholded view of source retrieval but suggest that previous work has overestimated the proportion of guesses which have been conflated with intrusions.
先前的研究将来源检索描述为一个阈值化过程，该过程在一定比例的试验中失败并导致猜测，这与连续过程相反，在连续过程中，反应精度在不同试验中有所变化，但永远不会为零。来源检索的阈值化观点主要基于对反应误差重尾分布的观察，这种分布被认为反映了很大比例的“无记忆”试验。在本研究中，我们调查这些误差是否可能反而反映了来自其他列表项的系统性干扰，这些干扰可能会模仿来源猜测。使用决策的循环扩散模型，该模型同时考虑了反应误差和反应时间，我们发现在连续报告来源记忆任务中，干扰占了部分但不是全部误差。我们发现，干扰误差更有可能来自在附近位置和时间学习的项目，并且可以用时空梯度模型很好地描述，但不是来自语义或感知上相似的线索。我们的研究结果支持来源检索的阈值化观点，但表明先前的研究高估了与干扰混淆的猜测比例。
