Department of Psychology and Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, UK; School of Health in Social Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Division of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, UK.
J Pain. 2023 Jul;24(7):1275-1287. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.02.025. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
A comprehensive understanding of pain memories requires consideration of risk and resilience factors across biopsychosocial domains. Previous research has typically focused on pain-related outcomes, largely ignoring the nature and context of pain memories. Using a multiple-method approach, this study explores the content and context of pain memories in adolescents and young adults with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Recruited via social media and pain-related organizations, participants completed an autobiographical pain memory task. Two-step cluster analysis was conducted on the pain memory narratives of adolescents and young adults with CRPS (n=50) using a modified version of the Pain Narrative Coding Scheme. Narrative profiles generated from the cluster analysis subsequently guided a deductive thematic analysis. Cluster analysis identified two narrative profiles of Distress and Resilience, with the role of coping and positive affect emerging as important profile predictors across pain memories. Subsequent deductive thematic analysis, utilizing Distress and Resilience codes, demonstrated the complex interplay between affect, social, and coping domains. Findings highlight the importance of applying a biopsychosocial framework to pain memory research, accounting for both risk and resilience perspectives and encourage the use of multiple method approaches to improve understanding of autobiographic pain memories. Clinical implications of reframing and recontextualizing pain memories and narratives are discussed, and the importance of exploring the origins of pain and possible application to developing resilience-based, preventative interventions is highlighted. PERSPECTIVE: Using multiple methods, this paper presents a comprehensive account of pain memories in adolescents and young adults with CRPS. Study findings promote the importance of adopting a biopsychosocial approach to examining both risk and resilience factors in understanding autobiographical pain memories in the context of pediatric pain.
全面了解疼痛记忆需要考虑生物心理社会各个领域的风险和适应因素。以前的研究通常侧重于与疼痛相关的结果，在很大程度上忽略了疼痛记忆的性质和背景。本研究采用多种方法，探讨了复杂性区域疼痛综合征（CRPS）青少年和年轻成人的疼痛记忆的内容和背景。通过社交媒体和与疼痛相关的组织招募参与者，他们完成了自传体疼痛记忆任务。对 CRPS 青少年和年轻成人（n=50）的疼痛记忆叙述进行了两步聚类分析，使用疼痛叙述编码方案的修改版本。聚类分析从生成的叙述档案随后指导了演绎主题分析。聚类分析确定了痛苦和适应两个叙述档案，应对和积极情绪的作用作为整个疼痛记忆中的重要档案预测因素出现。随后利用痛苦和适应代码进行的演绎主题分析，展示了情感、社会和应对领域之间的复杂相互作用。研究结果强调了将生物心理社会框架应用于疼痛记忆研究的重要性，既要考虑风险因素又要考虑适应因素，并鼓励采用多种方法来提高对自传体疼痛记忆的理解。讨论了重新构建和重新构建疼痛记忆和叙述的临床意义，并强调了探索疼痛起源和可能应用于发展基于适应力的预防干预措施的重要性。观点：本研究采用多种方法，全面描述了 CRPS 青少年和年轻成人的疼痛记忆。研究结果促进了采用生物心理社会方法来检查风险和适应因素的重要性，以了解儿科疼痛背景下的自传体疼痛记忆。
