Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
Animal. 2023 Apr;17(4):100728. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100728. Epub 2023 Feb 11.
"Genome-based precision feeding" is a concept that involves the application of customised diets to different genetic groups of cattle. We investigated the effects of the genomic estimated breeding value (gEBV) and dietary energy to protein ratio (DEP) on growth performance, carcass traits, and lipogenic gene expression in Hanwoo (Korean cattle) steers. Forty-four Hanwoo steers (BW = 636 kg, age = 26.9 months) were genotyped using the Illumina Bovine 50 K BeadChip. The gEBV was calculated using genomic best linear unbiased prediction. Animals were separated into high gEBV of marbling score or low-gMS groups based on the upper and lower 50% groupings of the reference population, respectively. Animals were assigned to one of four groups in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement: high gMS/high DEP (0.084 MJ/g), high gMS/low DEP (0.079 MJ/g), low gMS/high DEP, and low gMS/low DEP. Steers were fed concentrate with a high or low DEP for 31 weeks. The BW tended to be higher (0.05 < P < 0.1) in the high-gMS groups compared to the low-gMS groups at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 20 weeks. The average daily gain (ADG) tended to be lower (P = 0.08) in the high-gMS group than in the low-gMS group. Final BW and measured carcass weight (CW) were positively correlated with the gEBV of carcass weight (gCW). The DEP did not affect ADG. Neither the gMS nor the DEP affected the MS and beef quality grade. The intramuscular fat (IMF) content in the longissimus thoracis (LT) tended to be higher (P = 0.08) in the high-gMS groups than in the low-gMS groups. The mRNA levels of lipogenic acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid binding protein 4 genes in the LT were higher (P < 0.05) in the high-gMS group than in the low-gMS group. Overall, the IMF content tended to be affected by the gMS, and the genetic potential (i.e., gMS) was associated with the functional activity of lipogenic gene expression. The gCW was associated with the measured BW and CW. The results demonstrated that the gMS and the gCW may be used as early prediction indexes for meat quality and growth potential of beef cattle.
“基于基因组的精准饲养”是一种将定制化饮食应用于不同遗传群体牛的概念。我们研究了基因组估计育种值（gEBV）和日粮能量与蛋白质比值（DEP）对韩牛（韩国牛）阉牛生长性能、胴体性状和脂肪生成基因表达的影响。44 头韩牛阉牛（BW=636kg，年龄=26.9 个月）使用 Illumina Bovine 50K BeadChip 进行基因分型。gEBV 使用基因组最佳线性无偏预测进行计算。根据参考群体的上下 50%分组，动物分别分为大理石评分高 gEBV 或低-gMS 组。动物按 2×2 析因设计分为四组：高 gMS/高 DEP（0.084MJ/g）、高 gMS/低 DEP（0.079MJ/g）、低 gMS/高 DEP 和低 gMS/低 DEP。阉牛在 31 周内饲喂高蛋白和低蛋白浓度的浓缩饲料。在 0、4、8、12 和 20 周时，高 gMS 组的 BW 比低 gMS 组高（0.05<P<0.1）。高 gMS 组的平均日增重（ADG）比低 gMS 组低（P=0.08）。最终 BW 和测量的胴体重（CW）与 carcass weight（gCW）的 gEBV 呈正相关。DEP 对 ADG 没有影响。gMS 和 DEP 都不影响 MS 和牛肉质量等级。背最长肌（LT）中的肌内脂肪（IMF）含量在高 gMS 组比低 gMS 组高（P=0.08）。LT 中脂肪生成乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶和脂肪酸结合蛋白 4 基因的 mRNA 水平在高 gMS 组比低 gMS 组高（P<0.05）。总体而言，IMF 含量受 gMS 影响，遗传潜力（即 gMS）与脂肪生成基因表达的功能活性有关。gCW 与测量的 BW 和 CW 有关。结果表明，gMS 和 gCW 可用作肉牛肉质和生长潜力的早期预测指标。
