Wand Handan, Moodley Jayajothi, Reddy Tarylee, Vujovich-Dunn Cassandra, Naidoo Sarita
Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Australia.
The Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Obes Res Clin Pract. 2023 Mar-Apr;17(2):122-129. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.02.003. Epub 2023 Mar 2.
South Africa has the highest obesity and hypertension rates in the African region. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to quantify the correlates and burden of obesity and their impacts on cardiometabolic conditions.
The study population was 80,270 men(41 %) and women(59 %) who participated in South African national surveys (2008-to-2017). Weighted-logistic regression models and the population attributable risk (PAR %) were used after accounting for the correlation structure of the risk factors in a multifactorial setting.
Overall, 63 % of the women and 28 % of the men were either overweight or obese. Parity was identified as the most influential factor and exclusively associated with 62 % of the obesity in women; being married/cohabiting had the highest impact on obesity in men and associated with 37 % of the obesity. Overall, 69 % of them had comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes and heart disease. More than 40 % of the comorbidities were attributed to overweight/obesity.
Developing culturally appropriate prevention programs are urgently needed to raise awareness of obesity, hypertension and their impacts on severe cardiometabolic diseases. This approach would also significantly reduce COVID-19 related poor health outcomes and premature deaths.
南非是非洲地区肥胖率和高血压率最高的国家。在这项横断面研究中，我们旨在量化肥胖的相关因素和负担及其对心脏代谢疾病的影响。
研究人群为80270名男性（41%）和女性（59%），他们参与了南非全国性调查（2008年至2017年）。在多因素环境中考虑风险因素的相关结构后，使用加权逻辑回归模型和人群归因风险（PAR%）。
总体而言，63%的女性和28%的男性超重或肥胖。生育状况被确定为最有影响力的因素，且仅与62%的女性肥胖有关；已婚/同居对男性肥胖的影响最大，与37%的肥胖有关。总体而言，69%的人患有包括高血压、糖尿病和心脏病在内的合并症。超过40%的合并症归因于超重/肥胖。
迫切需要制定适合当地文化的预防计划，以提高对肥胖、高血压及其对严重心脏代谢疾病影响的认识。这种方法还将显著减少与新冠病毒相关的不良健康后果和过早死亡。
