Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China.
Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China; Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau Ecology and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, 010021, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China.
Environ Res. 2023 May 15;225:115596. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115596. Epub 2023 Mar 3.
A linked river-irrigation-lake system exhibits intricate and dynamic hydrochemical variations, closely related to changes in natural conditions and anthropogenic activities. However, little is known about the sources, migration and transformation of hydrochemical composition, and the driving mechanisms, in such systems. In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics and processes in the linked Yellow River-Hetao Irrigation District-Lake Ulansuhai system were studied, based on a comprehensive hydrochemical and stable isotope analysis of water samples collected during spring, summer, and autumn. The results showed that the water bodies in the system were weakly alkaline with a pH range of 8.05-8.49. The concentrations of hydrochemical ions showed an increasing trend in the water flow direction. Total dissolved solids (TDS) were less than 1000 mg/L (freshwater) in the Yellow River and the irrigation canals, and increased to more than 1800 mg/L (saltwater) in the drainage ditches and Lake Ulansuhai. The dominant hydrochemical types varied from SO•Cl-Ca•Mg and HCO-Ca•Mg types in the Yellow River and the irrigation canals to Cl-Na type in the drainage ditches and Lake Ulansuhai. The ion concentrations in the Yellow River, the irrigation canals, and the drainage ditches were highest during summer, while ion concentrations in Lake Ulansuhai were highest during spring. The hydrochemistry of the Yellow River and the irrigation canals was mainly affected by rock weathering, while evaporation was the principal controlling factor in the drainage ditches and Lake Ulansuhai. Water-rock interactions including the dissolution of evaporites and silicates, the precipitation of carbonates, and cation exchange were the main sources of hydrochemical compositions in this system. Anthropogenic inputs had a low impact on the hydrochemistry. Therefore, greater attention should be paid in future to hydrochemical variations, especially salt ions, in the management of linked river-irrigation-lake system water resources.
一个连通的河流-灌溉-湖泊系统表现出复杂而动态的水化学变化，这些变化与自然条件和人为活动的变化密切相关。然而，对于这种系统中的水化学成分的来源、迁移和转化以及驱动机制，人们知之甚少。本研究基于春季、夏季和秋季采集的水样的综合水化学和稳定同位素分析，研究了连通的黄河-河套灌区-乌梁素海系统的水化学特征和过程。结果表明，系统中的水体呈弱碱性，pH 值范围为 8.05-8.49。水化学离子的浓度在水流方向上呈增加趋势。黄河和灌溉渠中的总溶解固体（TDS）小于 1000mg/L（淡水），而排水渠和乌梁素海中的 TDS 增加到 1800mg/L 以上（盐水）。主要的水化学类型从黄河和灌溉渠中的 SO•Cl-Ca•Mg 和 HCO-Ca•Mg 类型变为排水渠和乌梁素海中的 Cl-Na 类型。黄河、灌溉渠和排水渠中的离子浓度在夏季最高，而乌梁素海中的离子浓度在春季最高。黄河和灌溉渠的水化学主要受岩石风化的影响，而蒸发是排水渠和乌梁素海的主要控制因素。水-岩相互作用包括蒸发盐和硅酸盐的溶解、碳酸盐的沉淀以及阳离子交换，是该系统水化学成分的主要来源。人为输入对水化学的影响较小。因此，在未来的管理中，应更加关注连通的河流-灌溉-湖泊系统水资源的水化学变化，特别是盐离子。
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