Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Front Public Health. 2023 Feb 17;11:1015919. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1015919. eCollection 2023.
Smoking is well known to be associated with a higher prevalence and incidence of liver diseases such as advanced fibrosis. However, the impact of smoking on developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease remains controversial, and clinical data on this is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between smoking history and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2020 were used for the analysis. NAFLD was diagnosed according to an NAFLD liver fat score of >-0.640. Smoking status was classified as into nonsmokers, ex-smokers, and current smokers. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between smoking history and NAFLD in the South Korean population.
In total, 9,603 participants were enrolled in this study. The odds ratio (OR) for having NAFLD in ex-smokers and current smokers in males was 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90-1.41) and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.08-1.76) compared to that in nonsmokers, respectively. The OR increased in magnitude with smoking status. Ex-smokers who ceased smoking for <10 years (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.00-1.77) were more likely to have a strong correlation with NAFLD. Furthermore, NAFLD had a dose-dependent positive effect on pack-years, which was 10 to 20 (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.04-1.86) and over 20 (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.14-2.00).
This study found that smoking may contribute to NAFLD. Our study suggests cessation of smoking may help management of NAFLD.
众所周知，吸烟与肝脏疾病（如晚期纤维化）的患病率和发病率升高有关。然而，吸烟对非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）发展的影响仍存在争议，且这方面的临床数据有限。因此，本研究旨在调查吸烟史与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）之间的关系。
本研究使用了 2019-2020 年韩国国家健康和营养调查的数据。根据 NAFLD 肝脂肪评分（>-0.640）诊断 NAFLD。将吸烟状况分为非吸烟者、戒烟者和当前吸烟者。采用多因素 logistic 回归分析，探讨韩国人群中吸烟史与 NAFLD 的关系。
本研究共纳入 9603 名参与者。与非吸烟者相比，男性中，戒烟者和当前吸烟者发生 NAFLD 的比值比（OR）分别为 1.12（95%可信区间[CI]：0.90-1.41）和 1.38（95% CI：1.08-1.76）。随着吸烟状况的增加，OR 值逐渐增大。戒烟时间<10 年的戒烟者（OR：1.33，95% CI：1.00-1.77）更有可能与 NAFLD 强烈相关。此外，NAFLD 与吸烟支数呈正相关，支数为 10-20（OR：1.39，95% CI：1.04-1.86）和>20（OR：1.51，95% CI：1.14-2.00）。
本研究发现吸烟可能导致 NAFLD。本研究表明戒烟可能有助于 NAFLD 的管理。
