Vathariparambath Nimisha, Krishnamurthy Navin Hadadi, Chikkanarasaiah Nagarathna
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, RajaRajeswari Dental College & Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2022 Jul-Aug;15(4):422-427. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2413.
To determine the location of mandibular foramen (MF) and mental foramen (MeF) in 8-18-year-old children using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Hundred CBCT images of children (8-18 years) were evaluated to determine the shortest distance from MF to the anterior border of ramus (A), posterior border of ramus (P) and inferior border of the mandible (MI), most superior point of the curvature of mandibular notch (MN), occlusal plane of the mandibular permanent molars (O), and the distance from MeF to lower border of mandible (BM) and to the alveolar crest (AC).
There was a statistical increase in A-MF, P-MF, MI-MF, MN-MF, and O-MF values with age. MF was found to be 3.53 mm below the occlusal plane in 8-11-year-old children, and it reaches the occlusal plane by 12-14 years of age, and it moves posterior-superiorly 3.58 mm above the occlusal plane in 15-18-year-old individuals. AC-MeF value decreases whereas the BM-MeF value increases with age and there was a significant difference based on sex.
The location of the MF is just posterior to the middle of the ramus, it reaches the level of the occlusal plane by the age of 12-14 years, and MF and MeF are shifting posterior-superiorly with increasing age.
The awareness of localization of MF and MeF is of greater importance when administering regional anesthesia in mandible, especially in children. Its position varies according to gender and age, especially during growth spurts. Failure to achieve proper nerve block leading to repeated injection of the local anesthetic solution will not only pose a behavior problem in children but can also lead to systemic toxic level of anesthetic solution being administered. Its accurate position enables more effective local anesthesia and improves child cooperation, minimizing the risk of complications.
Vathariparambath N, Krishnamurthy NH, Chikkanarasaiah N. A Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Study on the Location of Mandibular and Mental Foramen in Indian Pediatric Population. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(4):422-427.
使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）确定8至18岁儿童下颌孔（MF）和颏孔（MeF）的位置。
评估100例儿童（8至18岁）的CBCT图像，以确定从MF到下颌支前缘（A）、下颌支后缘（P）、下颌下缘（MI）、下颌切迹弯曲最上点（MN）、下颌恒牙磨牙咬合平面（O）的最短距离，以及从MeF到下颌下缘（BM）和牙槽嵴（AC）的距离。
A-MF、P-MF、MI-MF、MN-MF和O-MF值随年龄有统计学意义的增加。在8至11岁儿童中，MF位于咬合平面下方3.53mm，12至14岁时达到咬合平面，15至18岁个体中位于咬合平面上方后上方3.58mm。AC-MeF值随年龄降低，而BM-MeF值随年龄增加，且基于性别存在显著差异。
MF的位置恰在下颌支中部后方，12至14岁时达到咬合平面水平，且MF和MeF随年龄增长向后上方移位。
在下颌骨进行区域麻醉时，尤其是儿童，了解MF和MeF的定位更为重要。其位置因性别和年龄而异，尤其是在生长高峰期。未能实现适当的神经阻滞导致局部麻醉剂溶液反复注射，不仅会给儿童带来行为问题，还可能导致所给予的麻醉剂溶液达到全身中毒水平。其准确位置可实现更有效的局部麻醉并改善儿童配合度，将并发症风险降至最低。
Vathariparambath N, Krishnamurthy NH, Chikkanarasaiah N. 印度儿童人群下颌孔和颏孔位置的锥形束计算机断层扫描研究。《国际临床儿科牙科学杂志》2022；15（4）：422 - 427。
