School of Nursing, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
Mississippi Centre for Evidence Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Jackson, MS, USA.
JBI Evid Synth. 2023 Aug 1;21(8):1648-1654. doi: 10.11124/JBIES-22-00267.
The objective of this review is to synthesize the best evidence available to determine the prevalence and incidence of anal cancer in HIV-positive men.
Worldwide, an estimated 50,685 people were diagnosed with anal cancer in 2020 and an estimated 19,293 people died from the disease during the same year. From 2001 to 2015, the overall incidence of anal cancer increased by 2.7% per year, while mortality jumped by 3.1% each year. Evidence has shown that anal intraepithelial neoplasia can progress to cancer over time, particularly within the immunocompromised population.
This review will consider studies conducted in any setting, in any geographical location that report on the prevalence and incidence of adult males aged 18 years or older from any racial or ethnic background who are HIV positive and diagnosed with any type of anal cancer. Participants will be included regardless of stage of anal cancer, type of cancer treatment used, or length of time diagnosed.
CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, LBGTQ+ Source (EBSCO), Web of Science Core Collection, MedNar, WorldWideScience, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses databases will be searched from 1990 till the present. Analytical and descriptive observational studies will be included and critically appraised by 2 independent reviewers. Data will be extracted using JBI standardized data extraction tools. If sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted; otherwise, the findings will be presented in narrative format, including tables and figures to aid in data presentation.
PROSPERO CRD42022327933.
本综述的目的是综合现有最佳证据，以确定 HIV 阳性男性肛门癌的患病率和发病率。
据估计，2020 年全球有 50685 人被诊断患有肛门癌，同年有 19293 人死于该病。从 2001 年到 2015 年，肛门癌的总发病率每年增长 2.7%，而死亡率每年跃升 3.1%。有证据表明，肛门上皮内瘤变随着时间的推移可能会发展为癌症，尤其是在免疫功能低下的人群中。
本综述将考虑在任何环境中进行的研究，无论地理位置如何，报告的是任何种族或族裔背景、年龄在 18 岁或以上的成年男性 HIV 阳性患者，诊断为任何类型的肛门癌。无论肛门癌的分期、使用的癌症治疗类型或诊断时间长短如何，参与者都将被纳入。
将从 1990 年至今，在 CINAHL、MEDLINE、Embase、LGBTQ+Source（EBSCO）、Web of Science Core Collection、MedNar、WorldWideScience 和 ProQuest Dissertations and Theses 数据库中搜索分析性和描述性观察性研究，并由 2 名独立评审员进行批判性评价。将使用 JBI 标准化数据提取工具提取数据。如果有足够的数据，将进行荟萃分析；否则，将以叙述形式呈现结果，包括表格和图形，以帮助呈现数据。
PROSPERO CRD42022327933。
