Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Health Sciences University, Diyarbakır Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023 Feb;27(4):1681-1688. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31411.
In this study, the effects of cell adhesion, inflammation and apoptotic changes on fetal development in cases of COVID-19 placenta were investigated.
Placenta tissue samples from 15 COVID-19 and 15 healthy pregnant women were taken after delivery. Tissue samples were fixed in formaldehyde, then blocked with paraffin wax and 4-6 µm thick sections were cut and stained with Harris Hematoxylene-Eosin. Sections were stained with FAS antibody and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) antibody.
In COVID-19 placenta section, deterioration of the root villus basement membrane structure in the maternal region, decidua cells and syncytial cell degeneration, significant increase in fibrinoid tissue, endothelial dysfunction in free villi and intense congestion in blood vessels, increase in syncytial nodes and bridges were observed. In terms of inflammation, eNOS expression was increased in Hoffbauer cells, dilated blood vessels endothelial cells in chorionic villi, and surrounding inflammatory cells. Positive FAS expression was also increased in the basement membranes of root and free villi, syncytial bridge and nodes, and endothelial cells.
The effect of COVID-19 caused an increase in eNOS activity and acceleration of the proapoptotic process and the deterioration of cell-membrane adhesion.
本研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 胎盘组织中细胞黏附、炎症和凋亡变化对胎儿发育的影响。
分娩后采集 15 例 COVID-19 孕妇和 15 例健康孕妇的胎盘组织标本。组织标本用甲醛固定，石蜡包埋，制成 4-6µm 厚的切片，用 Harris 苏木精-伊红染色。用 FAS 抗体和内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）抗体对切片进行染色。
在 COVID-19 胎盘切片中，母体区绒毛小叶基膜结构恶化，蜕膜细胞和合体细胞变性，纤维蛋白组织显著增加，绒毛游离部内皮功能障碍和血管强烈充血，合胞体结节和桥增加。在炎症方面，Hoffbauer 细胞中 eNOS 表达增加，绒毛血管内皮细胞扩张，周围炎症细胞增多。基底膜、合胞体桥和结节以及内皮细胞的 FAS 阳性表达也增加。
COVID-19 的影响导致 eNOS 活性增加、促凋亡过程加速和细胞-膜黏附恶化。
