Ponsen Siripan, Wongchantra Prayoon, Aengwanich Worapol
Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, Kham Riang Sub-District, Kantharawichai District, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand.
Stress and Oxidative Stress in Animal Research Unit of Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand.
Int J Biometeorol. 2023 Apr;67(4):705-716. doi: 10.1007/s00484-023-02448-w. Epub 2023 Mar 6.
Earthworms are one of the organisms that may be affected by climate change. Finding ways to help them deal with this problem is, therefore, important and necessary. The objective of this experiment was to understand the influence of ambient temperature and polyphenols from mulberry (Morus alba L.), almond (Terminalia catappa L.) and cassava (Manihot esculenta (L.) Crantz) leaves on growth, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (HO) and nitric oxide (NO) concentration of the African night crawler, Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg, 1867) earthworm. The earthworms were cultured in 2 different conditions of ambient temperature, and in 4 types of substrate i.e. dairy cow faeces (BS), dairy cow faeces + mulberry leaves (BS + MA), almond leaves (BS + TC), and cassava leaves (BS + ME), respectively. At week 2 of the experiment, body weight, FRAP, MDA, HO and NO were measured in the earthworms. It was found that the body weight gain (BWG) of the earthworms cultured in BS at cyclical temperature (26 + 1C - 34 + 1C - 26 + 1C, CyT) was higher than the constant temperature (26 ± 1 °C, CoT) (P < 0.05). FRAP of earthworms cultured in BS + TC was higher than in other groups (P < 0.05). MDA of earthworms cultured at CyT was higher than ambient temperature at CoT (P < 0.05). At CyT, the MDA of earthworms cultured in BS + MA was higher than that of those cultured in BS, BS + TC and BS + ME (P < 0.05). NO of earthworms at CoT was higher than at CyT(P < 0.05). At CoT, the NO of earthworms cultured in BS + TC was lower than that of those cultured in BS + MA and BS + ME (P < 0.05). HO of earthworms at CoT was higher than those at CyT (P < 0.05). The level of HO of the earthworms cultured in BS + ME at CoT was higher than at CyT (P < 0.05). In addition, the HO of earthworms cultured in both ambient temperatures and cultured in BS + MA was higher than the other groups (P < 0.05). These phenomena indicated that low and high ambient temperatures induced nitrosative and oxidative stress in earthworms, respectively. Mulberry leaves are toxic to earthworms. On the other hand, almond leaves could reduce nitrosative stress in earthworms. While at the CoT, cassava leaves induced the production of HO in the earthworms.
蚯蚓是可能受气候变化影响的生物之一。因此，找到帮助它们应对这一问题的方法既重要又必要。本实验的目的是了解环境温度以及来自桑叶（桑属植物）、扁桃叶（榄仁树）和木薯叶（木薯）中的多酚对非洲夜蚯蚓（真蚓）的生长、铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）、丙二醛（MDA）、过氧化氢（HO）和一氧化氮（NO）浓度的影响。蚯蚓分别在2种不同的环境温度条件下，以及4种类型的基质中进行培养，这4种基质分别是奶牛粪便（BS）、奶牛粪便+桑叶（BS+MA）、扁桃叶（BS+TC）和木薯叶（BS+ME）。在实验的第2周，对蚯蚓的体重、FRAP、MDA、HO和NO进行了测量。结果发现，在循环温度（26±1℃-34±1℃-26±1℃，CyT）下培养于BS中的蚯蚓体重增加（BWG）高于恒温（26±1℃，CoT）（P<0.05）。培养于BS+TC中的蚯蚓的FRAP高于其他组（P<0.05）。在CyT下培养的蚯蚓的MDA高于CoT下的环境温度（P<0.05）。在CyT时，培养于BS+MA中的蚯蚓的MDA高于培养于BS、BS+TC和BS+ME中的蚯蚓（P<0.05）。CoT下蚯蚓的NO高于CyT下（P<0.05）。在CoT时，培养于BS+TC中的蚯蚓的NO低于培养于BS+MA和BS+ME中的蚯蚓（P<0.05）。CoT下蚯蚓的HO高于CyT下（P<0.05）。在CoT下培养于BS+ME中的蚯蚓的HO水平高于CyT下（P<0.05）。此外，在两种环境温度下培养于BS+MA中的蚯蚓的HO均高于其他组（P<0.05）。这些现象表明，低环境温度和高环境温度分别在蚯蚓中诱导了亚硝化应激和氧化应激。桑叶对蚯蚓有毒。另一方面，扁桃叶可以减轻蚯蚓中的亚硝化应激。而在CoT时，木薯叶诱导蚯蚓产生HO。
