DESAM Research Institute, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Türkiye.
East Mediterr Health J. 2023 Feb 26;29(2):91-99. doi: 10.26719/emhj.23.011.
Antibody testing can complement molecular assays for detecting COVID-19.
We evaluated the concurrence between lateral flow assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
The study was conducted at Kocaeli University, Türkiye. We used a lateral flow assay and ELISA to test serum samples from COVID-19 cases, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction assays (study group) and pre-pandemic stored serum samples (control group). We used Deming regression to evaluate the antibody measurements.
The study group included 100 COVID-19 cases, and the control group included pre-pandemic samples from 156 individuals. The lateral flow assay detected immunoglobulin M (IgM) and G (IgG) antibodies in 35 and 37 study group samples. ELISA detected IgM nucleocapsid (N) antibodies in 18 samples, and IgG (N) and IgG spike 1 (S1) antibodies in 31 and 29 samples, respectively. None of the techniques detected antibodies in the control samples. Strong correlations were found between lateral flow IgG (N+ receptor-binding domain + S1) and ELISA IgG (S) (r = 0.93, P < 0.01) and ELISA IgG (N) (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Weaker correlations were seen between ELISA IgG S and IgG N (r = 0.79, P < 0.01) and lateral flow assay and ELISA IgM (N) (r = 0.70, P < 0.01).
Lateral flow assay and ELISA techniques gave consistent results for IgG/IgM antibody measurements towards spike and nucleocapsid proteins, suggesting that both methods can be used to detect COVID-19 where access to molecular test kits is difficult.
抗体检测可补充用于检测 COVID-19 的分子检测。
我们评估侧向流动分析与酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）在检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）抗体方面的一致性。
该研究在土耳其科贾埃利大学进行。我们使用侧向流动分析和 ELISA 测试了聚合酶链反应检测（研究组）和大流行前储存血清样本（对照组）确诊的 COVID-19 病例的血清样本。我们使用 Deming 回归来评估抗体测量。
研究组包括 100 例 COVID-19 病例，对照组包括大流行前的 156 人样本。侧向流动分析在 35 个和 37 个研究组样本中检测到免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）和 G（IgG）抗体。ELISA 检测到 18 个样本的 IgM 核衣壳（N）抗体，以及 31 个和 29 个样本的 IgG（N）和 IgG 刺突 1（S1）抗体。两种技术均未在对照组样本中检测到抗体。侧向流动 IgG（N+受体结合域+S1）与 ELISA IgG（S）之间存在很强的相关性（r=0.93，P<0.01），与 ELISA IgG（N）之间也存在很强的相关性（r=0.81，P<0.01）。ELISA IgG S 和 IgG N（r=0.79，P<0.01）以及侧向流动分析和 ELISA IgM（N）之间的相关性较弱（r=0.70，P<0.01）。
侧向流动分析和 ELISA 技术在检测针对刺突蛋白和核衣壳蛋白的 IgG/IgM 抗体测量方面给出了一致的结果，这表明这两种方法都可以在难以获得分子检测试剂盒的情况下用于检测 COVID-19。
